Cases of cryptosporidiosis in humans have been reported with strong indication of transmission from rodents. Here, we report seven new human cases of cryptosporidiosis involving rodent-adapted species ( [ = 1], [ = 4; previously known as chipmunk genotype I], [ = 1], and [n = 1]) and review cases of human infection caused by these four species published to date. The seven new cases were detected in Denmark within a period of twelve months from 2022 to 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiarrheal diseases caused by enteric pathogens are a significant public health concern. It is widely considered that close contact between persons, poor hygiene, and consumption of contaminated food are the primary causes of gastroenteritis. Clinical microbiology laboratory observations indicate that the incidence of enteropathogenic microorganisms may have been reduced in Denmark during the COVID-19 pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis
September 2023
The aim of this study was to investigate the value of syndromic diagnostic testing for a better understanding of the epidemiology of gastrointestinal infections in Denmark. Here we evaluated the QIAstat-Dx® Gastrointestinal (GI) Panel 1 assay on 18,610 fecal samples requested for analysis for enteric pathogens in Region Zealand, Denmark, in 1 year (October 1, 2021, to September 30, 2022). In total, 6905 (37%) samples were detected positive for one or more diarrhoeal bacteria, viruses, and protozoa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRoughly half of U.S. counties do not provide defense counsel at bail hearings, and few studies have documented the potential impacts of legal representation at this stage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBetween November and December 2021, the first ever recorded outbreak of enteroinvasive in Denmark occurred at national scale. We describe the investigation of this outbreak, which was initially recognised in early December 2021. A total of 88 cases (58 female; 30 male) with a median age of 52 years (range: 0-91) were detected by PCR-based diagnostic methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDuring 2010-2018 in Denmark, 638 patients had Vibrio infections diagnosed and 521 patients had Shewanella infections diagnosed. Most cases occurred in years with high seawater temperatures. The substantial increase in those infections, with some causing septicemia, calls for clinical awareness and mandatory notification policies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackgroundSince 2008, Danish national surveillance of has focused on binary toxin-positive strains in order to monitor epidemic types such as PCR ribotype (RT) 027 and 078. Additional surveillance is needed to provide a more unbiased representation of all strains from the clinical reservoir.AimSetting up a new sentinel surveillance scheme for an improved understanding of type distribution relative to time, geography and epidemiology, here presenting data from 2016 to 2019.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Implementing multiplex PCR or syndromic panel-based testing platforms to detect microbial species that cause acute diarrhoea may guide patient management more effectively and efficiently.
Objectives: To assess and compare the performance of two syndromic panel-based testing systems, QIAstat-Dx® Gastrointestinal Panel V2 (QGI) and the Novodiag® Bacterial GE+ V2-0 (NGE).
Methods: The QGI and NGE panels include 16 and 14 bacterial gastrointestinal pathogens, respectively.
This Danish national guideline describes the treatment of adult patients with Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium) difficile (CD) infection and the use of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). It suggests minimum standard for implementing an FMT service. Four scientific societies appointed members for a working group which conducted a systematic literature review and agreed on the text and recommendations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground is one of the most frequent causes of bacterial gastroenteritis. outbreaks are rarely reported, which could be a reflection of a surveillance without routine molecular typing. We have previously shown that numerous small outbreak-like clusters can be detected when whole genome sequencing (WGS) data of clinical isolates was applied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: A defined bacterial mixture could be a safer alternative to faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).
Aims: To compare the efficacy of a 12-strain mixture termed rectal bacteriotherapy with either FMT or vancomycin for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in an open-label 3-arm randomised controlled trial.
Methods: We screened all individuals positive for C difficile from May 2017 to March 2019.
Background And Objectives: The association of nurse aide retention with three quality indicators is examined. Retention is defined as the proportion of staff continuously employed in the same facility for a defined period of time.
Research Design And Methods: Data used in this investigation came from survey responses from 3,550 nursing facilities, Certification and Survey Provider Enhanced Reporting data, and the Area Resource File.
In industrialized countries, the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis is Campylobacter jejuni. However, outbreaks are rarely reported, which may reflect limitations of surveillance, for which molecular typing is not routinely performed. To determine the frequency of genetic clusters among patients and to find links to concurrent isolates from poultry meat, broiler chickens, cattle, pigs, and dogs, we performed whole-genome sequencing on 1,509 C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis
October 2019
Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a promising treatment, but donor selection and implementation in clinical practice are difficult. Here, we describe the establishment of a donor stool bank based on the Tissue Act. Stool donors were recruited among blood donors and asked to donate five times in a month.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNursing home resident obesity increases the complexity of nursing care, and nursing homes report avoiding residents with obesity when choosing which prospective residents to accept. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between nursing home obesity prevalence rate and nursing home organizational, staffing, resident, and geographic factors within a profit maximization framework. The study cohort included U.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInflammatory Bowel disease (IBD) is traditionally divided into Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). UC is a relapsing non-transmural inflammatory disease that is restricted to the colon and is characterized by flare-ups of bloody diarrhea. CD is a chronic, segmental localized granulomatous disease that can affect any part of the entire gastrointestinal tract.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnteroaggregative (EAEC) is frequently isolated from sporadic cases of diarrhea and in outbreaks of gastroenteritis in several regions of the world. The pathophysiology of EAEC continues to be enigmatic, and the efficacy of antibiotic treatment in EAEC-associated diarrhea has been discussed. Since the level of antibiotic resistance is increasing, it is essential to restrict the use of antibiotics to prevent further resistance development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe objective of this study is to examine how increasing body mass index (BMI) among nursing home residents affects the amount of staffing assistance needed for activities of daily living (ADL). We analyzed 1,627,141 US nursing home residents reported in the 2013 Minimum Data Set in seven BMI categories, from underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m) to obesity Class IIIB (≥50 kg/m).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of worksite clinics on health care utilization and cost, self-reported health status, and student achievement growth in a public school district.
Methods: We used insurance claims, health risk assessment, and student achievement growth data for active teachers during 2007 to 2015. A difference-in-differences approach was applied to measure the impact of worksite clinics.
: To determine the relative impact of each of the 3 state-level tobacco control policies (cigarette taxation, tobacco control spending, and smoke-free air [SFA] laws) on adult smoking rate overall and separately for adult subgroups in the United States. : A difference-in-differences analysis was conducted with generalized propensity scores. State-level policies were merged with the individual-level Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System in 1995-2009.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Patient safety is a global concern, yet little is known about how and whether perceptions of patient safety culture (PSC) vary by nurses' countries of origin and preparation. This is particularly important in American nursing homes (NHs), which are increasingly hiring non-US born and prepared nurses to fill staffing needs.
Objectives: This study compared the PSC perceptions of foreign and domestic born and trained nurses working in urban NHs in 5 states to analyze how nurses' PSC perceptions corresponded to their personal and professional characteristics.
Objectives: Outbreaks of Campylobacter are traditionally considered to be rare; however, rather than being the true nature of the disease, this may reflect our present inability to detect them. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic and epidemiological degree of clustering among Campylobacter jejuni isolates from Danish patients.
Methods: Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was applied to 245 C.
The surveillance of Clostridium difficile (CD) in Denmark consists of laboratory based data from Departments of Clinical Microbiology (DCMs) sent to the National Registry of Enteric Pathogens (NREP). We validated a new surveillance system for CD based on the Danish Microbiology Database (MiBa). MiBa automatically collects microbiological test results from all Danish DCMs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnteroaggregative (EAEC) is frequently found in diarrheal stools worldwide. It has been associated with persistent diarrhea, weight loss, and failure to thrive in children living in developing countries. A number of important EAEC virulence genes are identified; however, their roles in acute and persistent diarrhea have not been previously investigated.
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