Direct-acting oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in relation to risk of gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are increasingly used, with studies showing a lower risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), but overall data for GIB risk remains debatable. The objective was to assess non-fatal and fatal GIB risk in patients on DOACs compared with warfarin from randomized clinical trials (RCTs).

Methods: RCTs comparing warfarin and DOACs for various indications (atrial fibrillation, thromboembolism, insertion of mechanical heart valves) were included.

The Altered Metabolic Molecular Signatures Contribute to the RAD001 Resistance in Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumor.

Although the inhibition of mTOR is a promising treatment for neuroendocrine tumors, several questions are still open for cell specificity and resistance. With the newly characterized gastric neuroendocrine tumor mouse model (CEA424-SV40 T antigen transgenic mice), the anti-tumor efficiency of RAD001 (Everolimus) was tested both and . Tumor samples were analyzed for the expression of RNA by cDNA microarrays and also signaling pathways to get more details on the local surviving or selected cells.

The trimeric autotransporter adhesin Ata controls key virulence traits of .

is a Gram-negative pathogen that causes a multitude of nosocomial infections. The trimeric autotransporter adhesin (Ata) belongs to the superfamily of trimeric autotransporter adhesins which are important virulence factors in many Gram-negative species. Phylogenetic profiling revealed that is present in 78% of all sequenced isolates but only in 2% of the closely related species and .

Young-onset colorectal cancer: hospitalization trends and gender disparities in the United States 2010-2014.

Objectives: Study national hospitalization trends for colorectal cancer in patients younger than 50 years of age.

Methods: Patients under age 50 years hospitalized for colorectal cancer were studied using the national inpatient sample databases (2010-2014), using validated ICD-CM-9 codes and hospitalizations represented per 100,000 total inpatient population.

Results: Colorectal cancer hospitalizations demonstrated a significant uptrend in the 41-50 years age group, with Caucasians and females most affected, stratifying for age and excluding those with a family history of colorectal cancer (p trend < 0.

Primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in pregnancy: Diagnostic value of CMV PCR in saliva compared to urine at birth.

Background: Due to its ease of collection saliva was recently recommended as the preferred specimen, not only for screening, but also for diagnosis of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.

Objective: To compare the diagnostic performance of saliva PCR to urine PCR in infants born to mothers with primary CMV infection during pregnancy.

Study Design: We retrospectively analyzed available data of infants tested for CMV DNA in urine and saliva at birth.

Platelet GPIIb supports initial pulmonary retention but inhibits subsequent proliferation of melanoma cells during hematogenic metastasis.

Platelets modulate the process of cancer metastasis. However, current knowledge on the direct interaction of platelets and tumor cells is mostly based on findings obtained in vitro. We addressed the role of the platelet fibrinogen receptor glycoprotein IIb (integrin αIIb) for experimental melanoma metastasis in vivo.

Prenatal diagnosis of congenital cytomegalovirus infection in 115 cases: a 5 years' single center experience.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the diagnostic value of invasive prenatal diagnosis (PD) of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection from amniotic fluid (AF) and fetal blood (FB).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 115 pregnancies with CMV primary infection. A total of 111 AF and 106 FB samples were investigated for various virological and non-virological markers.

"Just be a light": Experiences of peers working on acute inpatient psychiatric units.

Objective: The study aimed to clarify the potential role and impact of behavioral health peer support providers on community hospital acute inpatient psychiatric units.

Method: Qualitative interviews were conducted to examine perspectives of peer support providers (peers) and individuals who initially received peer services (recipients) during an inpatient stay on a community hospital psychiatric unit. Interviews elicited perspectives on interactions between peers and recipients, the role of peers vis-à-vis the clinical treatment team, and involvement of peers in discharge planning and transitions to community-based care.

A widely employed germ cell marker is an ancient disordered protein with reproductive functions in diverse eukaryotes.

The advent of sexual reproduction and the evolution of a dedicated germline in multicellular organisms are critical landmarks in eukaryotic evolution. We report an ancient family of GCNA (germ cell nuclear antigen) proteins that arose in the earliest eukaryotes, and feature a rapidly evolving intrinsically disordered region (IDR). Phylogenetic analysis reveals that GCNA proteins emerged before the major eukaryotic lineages diverged; GCNA predates the origin of a dedicated germline by a billion years.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PASSIVE GLENOHUMERAL TOTAL ROTATION AND THE STRENGTH OF THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL ROTATOR MUSCLES, A PRELIMINARY STUDY.

Background: There is little research on how the amount of shoulder joint range of motion, specifically glenohumeral rotation, may be related to the muscle strength of the rotator cuff muscles. A long held belief is that a joint with excessive range of motion needs sufficient muscular strength for stability. However, no studies have examined this concept.

Genetic Variants That Predispose to DNA Double-Strand Breaks in Lymphocytes From a Subset of Patients With Familial Colorectal Carcinomas.

Background & Aims: DNA structural lesions are prevalent in sporadic colorectal cancer. Therefore, we proposed that gene variants that predispose to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) would be found in patients with familial colorectal carcinomas of an undefined genetic basis (UFCRC).

Methods: We collected primary T cells from 25 patients with UFCRC and matched patients without colorectal cancer (controls) and assayed for DSBs.

A tissue retrieval and postharvest processing regimen for rodent reproductive tissues compatible with long-term storage on the international space station and postflight biospecimen sharing program.

Collection and processing of tissues to preserve space flight effects from animals after return to Earth is challenging. Specimens must be harvested with minimal time after landing to minimize postflight readaptation alterations in protein expression/translation, posttranslational modifications, and expression, as well as changes in gene expression and tissue histological degradation after euthanasia. We report the development of a widely applicable strategy for determining the window of optimal species-specific and tissue-specific posteuthanasia harvest that can be utilized to integrate into multi-investigator Biospecimen Sharing Programs.

Reversible cell cycle inhibition and premature aging features imposed by conditional expression of p16Ink4a.

The cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor p16(Ink4a) (p16) is a canonical mediator of cellular senescence and accumulates in aging tissues, where it constrains proliferation of some progenitor cells. However, whether p16 induction in tissues is sufficient to inhibit cell proliferation, mediate senescence, and/or impose aging features has remained unclear. To address these issues, we generated transgenic mice that permit conditional p16 expression.

The influence of muscle length on one-joint shoulder internal and external rotator muscle strength.

Background And Purpose: Kendall suggests testing the rotator cuff muscles in their maximally shortened position, since one-joint muscles are thought to be strongest. We found little evidence to support this concept. The purpose of this study was to determine if the shoulder internal rotator (IR) and external rotator (ER) muscles are strongest when placed in their shortened length position.

Mammalian interphase cdks: dispensable master regulators of the cell cycle.

Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) drive cell cycle progression in all eukaryotes. Yeasts have a single major Cdk that mediates distinct cell cycle transitions via association with different cyclins. The closest homolog in mammals, Cdk1, drives mitosis.

Performance of the Elecsys Rubella IgG assay in the diagnostic laboratory setting for assessment of immune status.

Rubella in early pregnancy bears a high risk for congenital defects (e.g., cataracts, hearing loss, and heart disease) and for long-term sequelae in the newborn.

The value of CMV IgG avidity and immunoblot for timing the onset of primary CMV infection in pregnancy.

Background: Primary CMV infections in pregnancy are usually asymptomatic and only detected by serology. Estimating the onset of infection is a major diagnostic goal, since primary infections around conception and in early gestation hold a higher risk for congenital disease than those in later pregnancy.

Objectives: To assess the ability of serological supplementary CMV assays to date the onset of primary infection.

Use of cytomegalovirus hyperimmunoglobulin for prevention of congenital cytomegalovirus disease: a retrospective analysis.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the current prenatal "off-label use" of cytomegalovirus hyperimmunoglobulin (CMV-HIG) in the prevention and treatment of congenital CMV (cCMV) infection, including the long-term outcome of the children.

Methods: This retrospective observational study comprised mothers and their children, born between January 1, 2006, and October 30, 2010. Prenatal CMV-HIG was administered after diagnosis of primary CMV infection of the mother.

A surprise cell of origin for Barrett's esophagus.

Barrett's esophagus is a metaplasia of the distal esophagus that is the only recognized precursor of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Despite a characteristic histology, the pathogenesis of Barrett's has remained obscure. A recent paper from the laboratories of Wa Xian and Frank McKeon presents evidence for a novel cell of origin of Barrett's.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) seroprevalence in pregnant women, bone marrow donors and adolescents in Germany, 1996-2010.

In Germany, studies on the IgG seroprevalence in pregnancy and in women of childbearing age are rare. Therefore, we retrospectively evaluated the CMV IgG seropositive rate in 40,324 pregnant women as well as in 31,093 female and male bone marrow donors over 15 consecutive years (1996-2010). Furthermore, the result of a study conducted in 1999 investigating 1,305 healthy adolescents with known ethnicity was included.

Expression of a neuroendocrine gene signature in gastric tumor cells from CEA 424-SV40 large T antigen-transgenic mice depends on SV40 large T antigen.

Background: A large fraction of murine tumors induced by transgenic expression of SV40 large T antigen (SV40 TAg) exhibits a neuroendocrine phenotype. It is unclear whether SV40 TAg induces the neuroendocrine phenotype by preferential transformation of progenitor cells committed to the neuroendocrine lineage or by transcriptional activation of neuroendocrine genes.

Methodology/principal Findings: To address this question we analyzed CEA424-SV40 TAg-transgenic mice that develop spontaneous tumors in the antral stomach region.

Development and evaluation of an automatable focus reduction neutralisation test for the detection of measles virus antibodies using imaging analysis.

A plaque reduction neutralisation test (PRNT) is still regarded as the gold standard for the investigation of anti-measles immunity. In this study, an alternative simplified automatable focus reduction neutralisation test (AFRNT) based on the classical PRNT was developed. The AFRNT uses the conventional Edmonston strain of measles, immunoperoxidase staining with monoclonal antibodies, and automated plaque counts performed with AID ViruSpot software.

Intrauterine transmission and clinical outcome of 248 pregnancies with primary cytomegalovirus infection in relation to gestational age.

Background: The risk of intrauterine cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and disease in the fetus or newborn largely depends on time of primary maternal infection during pregnancy.

Objectives: Prospective cohort study of pregnancy outcome in relation to gestational age at primary maternal CMV infection.

Study Design: In a total of 248 pregnancies with primary infection the onset of infection was determined by IgG seroconversion, IgG avidity and/or onset of clinical symptoms.