Objective: Migraine has been demonstrated to exhibit abnormal functional connectivity of large-scale brain networks, which is closely associated with its pathophysiology and has not yet been explored by edge functional connectivity. We used an edge-centric approach combined with motif analysis to evaluate higher-order communication patterns of brain networks in migraine.
Methods: We investigated edge-centric metrics in 108 interictal migraine patients and 71 healthy controls.
Background And Objective: Previous studies have shown that the salience network (SN) and the thalamus are involved in cluster headache (CH) attacks. However, very little is known regarding the altered thalamus-SN functional connectivity in CH. The aim of this study was to explore alterations of functional connectivity between the thalamus and the SN in patients with CH to further gain insight into the pathophysiology of CH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMigraine is the second most prevalent disorder in the world; yet, its underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Cumulative studies have revealed pivotal roles of cerebral cortex in the initiation, propagation, and termination of migraine attacks as well as the interictal phase. Investigation of basic mechanisms of the cortex in migraine not only brings insight into the underlying pathophysiology but also provides the basis for designing novel treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Medication-overuse headache (MOH) is a relatively frequently occurring secondary headache caused by overuse of analgesics and/or acute migraine medications. It is believed that MOH is associated with dependence behaviors and substance addiction, in which the salience network (SN) and the habenula may play an important role. This study aims to investigate the resting-state (RS) functional connectivity between the habenula and the SN in patients with MOH complicating chronic migraine (CM) compared with those with episodic migraine (EM) and healthy controls (HC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy (RPON) is an uncommon disorder characterized by recurrent unilateral headache attacks associated with ipsilateral ophthalmoplegia. We intend to study the clinical picture in our case series along with the published literature to discuss the pathogenesis and propose modified diagnostic criteria for recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy.
Methods: We reported five cases diagnosed as ophthalmoplegic migraine/RPON in our medical centers and reviewed the published literature related to RPON from the Pubmed database between 2000 and 2020.
Background: Atherosclerosis in stroke-related vascular beds is the major cause of stroke. Studies demonstrated that multivascular atherosclerosis is prevalent in stroke patients and those with multivascular plaques had higher risk of recurrent stroke.
Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between homocysteine and multivascular atherosclerosis in stroke-related vascular beds using magnetic resonance imaging.
Background: has been identified as the genetic cause of familial hemiplegic migraine type 2. Over 80 mutations have been reported, but no data from Chinese family studies has been included. Here, we report the first familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 Chinese family with a novel missense mutation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the resting-state coactivation of the hypothalamus, both ipsilateral and contralateral to the headache side, and the salience network (SN) was altered in patients with cluster headache (CH) in the headache attack remission state in the cluster period, and to reveal possible pathogenesis of CH attacks and gain further insight into the pathophysiology of CH.
Methods: Resting-state fMRI scans of 21 patients with CH were obtained (13 with right-sided headache and 8 with left-sided headache) and 21 age- and sex-matched normal controls. The resting-state fMRI data were analyzed using independent component analysis to identify the group differences of hypothalamic-SN coactivation between the patients with CH and healthy controls.
Background: Vascular cognitive impairment-no dementia (VCIND) refers to the early or mild cognitive impairment induced by cerebral vascular injury. Research shows that serum total homocysteine (tHcy) level is an independent risk factor for cerebral vascular disease and may be closely related to cognitive function.Current studies on the tHcy level in VCIND patients are limited, and the relationship of tHcy with cognitive function remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The molecular and cellular origins of migraine headache are among the most complex problems in contemporary neurology. Up to now the pathogenesis of migraine still remains unclearly defined. The objective of this study was to explore new factors that may be related to the mechanism of migraine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: We aimed to investigate subjective sleep quality and polysomnographic sleep structure features in patients with vascular cognitive impairment-no dementia (VCIND).
Methods: Fifty-six patients with VCIND, 48 patients with simple stroke (without cognitive impairment), and 48 control subjects were included. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and polysomnography (PSG) were used to analyze their sleep characteristics.
The aim of this study was to detect the abnormality of the brain functional connectivity of the hypothalamus during acute spontaneous cluster headache (CH) attacks ('in attack') and headache-free intervals ('out of attack') using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) technique. The RS-fMRI data from twelve male CH patients during 'in attack' and 'out of attack' periods and twelve age- and sex-matched normal controls were analyzed by the region-of-interest -based functional connectivity method using SPM5 software. Abnormal brain functional connectivity of the hypothalamus is present in CH, which is located mainly in the pain system during the spontaneous CH attacks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCortical spreading depression can trigger migraine with aura and activate the trigeminal vascular system. To examine gene expression profiles in the spinal trigeminal nucleus in rats following cortical spreading depression-induced migraine with aura, a rat model was established by injection of 1 M potassium chloride, which induced cortical spreading depression. DNA microarray analysis revealed that, compared with the control group, the cortical spreading depression group showed seven upregulated genes-myosin heavy chain 1/2, myosin light chain 1, myosin light chain (phosphorylatable, fast skeletal muscle), actin alpha 1, homeobox B8, carbonic anhydrase 3 and an unknown gene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Functional neuroimaging study has opened an avenue for exploring the pathophysiology of cluster headache (CH). The aim of our study was to assess the changes in brain activity in CH patients by the regional homogeneity method using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging technique.
Methods: The functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained for 12 male CH patients with spontaneous right-sided headache attacks during "in attack" and "out of attack" periods and 12 age- and sex-matched normal controls.
A rat cortical spreading depression (CSD) model was established to explore whether cerebral mitochondria injury was induced by CSD under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions and whether flunarizine had a protective effect on cerebral mitochondria. SD rats, which were divided into seven groups, received treatment as follows: no intervention (control Group I); 1 M NaCl injections (Group II); 1 M KCl injections (Group III); intraperitoneal flunarizine (3 mg/kg) 30 min before KCl injections (Group IV); 14% O(2) inhalation before NaCl injections (Group V); 14% O(2) inhalation followed by KCl injections (Group VI); 14% O(2) inhalation and intraperitoneal flunarizine followed by KCl injections (Group VII). Following treatment, brains were removed for the analysis of mitochondria transmembrane potential (MMP) and oxidative respiratory function after recording the number, amplitude and duration of CSD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on cortical spreading depression (CSD) and contents of plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) in migraine rats.
Methods: Thirty male SD rats were equally randomized into control, model and EA groups. Migraine model was established by topical application of KCI (3 mol/L) immersed in a piece of filter paper to the cerebral cortex (parietal lobe, 6 mm posterior to the Bregma and 5 mm to the sagital fissure) after exposure of the skull (in reference to Michael' method).
Objective: To observe the clinical features of migraine based on out-patient clinic data and provide help for the diagnosis and treatment of migraine.
Methods: In a retrospective study of 309 patients with migraine, we investigated the clinical characteristics of migraine of both genders and different types, and the risk factors for MOH transformed from migraine.
Results: The female to male ratio was about 3:1, 76.