[Pulmonary pathology in fatal human influenza A (H1N1) infection].

Objective: To study the pulmonary pathology in patients died of fatal human influenza A(H1N1) infection.

Methods: Eight cases of fatal human influenza A (H1N1) infection, including 2 autopsy cases and 6 paramortem needle puncture biopsies, were enrolled into the study. Histologic examination, immunohistochemitry, flow cytometry and Western blotting were carried out.

[The pathological feature of primary hepatic carcinoma on explanted liver and its significance].

Objective: To investigate the pathological feature of primary hepatic carcinoma and the clinical significance.

Methods: From August 2000 to December 2007, there were 89 patients with cirrhosis and carcinoma of liver who accepted whole liver resection. The whole liver was cut into 10 mm slices to examine the tumor size, number, distribution, capsule, satellite nodes, portal vein tumor thrombi (PVTT).

[Expression of co-stimulators in ulcerative colitis and its pathologic significance].

Objective: To study the expression and localization of co-stimulators in the mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and to explore its role in the pathogenesis of UC.

Methods: Expression of co-stimulators CD86 and inducible co-stimulator (ICOS) was studied by immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded mucosal tissue from patients with active UC (64 cases), inactive UC (51 cases) and normal controls (20 cases). Immunostaining for CD28 was also carried out on frozen fresh mucosal tissue sampled from patients with active UC (7 cases), inactive UC (2 cases) and normal controls (5 cases).

[Expression of co-stimulatory molecule CD86 and its inducible co-stimulator in Crohn disease and their pathologic significance].

Objective: To investigate the expression of co-stimulatory molecule CD86 and inducible co-stimulator(ICOS) in the intestinal mucosa of Crohn disease (CD) and to exlpore its pathologic significance.

Methods: Expression of co-stimulator CD86 and ICOS was examined by immunohistochemistry on paraffin embedded tissue from patients with CD (30 cases) and normal controls (20 cases). The subsets of lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC) were also analysed via immunostaining for CD4, CD8 and CD20.

[Molecular confirmation of enterovirus type 71 infection: a post-mortem study of two cases].

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic application of molecular detection of enterovirus type 71 (EV71) infection using post-mortem paraffin-embedded tissue.

Methods: Two autopsy cases of EV71 infection were studied by histopathological and immunohistochemical methods. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to detect the viral RNA in paraffin-embedded tissue samples.

[Lung pathology and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome: a report of six full autopsies].

Objective: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an emerging infectious disease that first manifested in humans in November 2002. The SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) has been identified as the causal agent, but the pathology and pathogenesis are still not quite clear.

Methods: Post-mortem lung samples from six patients who died from SARS from April to July 2003 were studied by light and electron microscopy, Masson trichromal staining and immunohistochemistry.

[Expression of SARS-CoV in various types of cells in lung tissues].

Objective: To investigate the cell types infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in lung tissues and explore the mechanism of lung injury in SARS.

Methods: In-situ hybridization(ISH) and immunohistochemistry(IHC) double staining was applied to study the lung tissues from 7 SARS cases of Beijing and one of Anhui province. According to SARS-CoV genome sequence, the cDNA probe was synthesized and labelled by digoxin.

Pathophysiological significance of a reaction in mouse gastrointestinal tract associated with delayed-type hypersensitivity.

Aim: To explore the pathophysiological significance of delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction in mouse gastrointestinal tract induced by an allergen 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB).

Methods: BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control and DTH(1-6) groups. After sensitized by DNCB smeared on the abdominal skin, the mice were challenged with DNCB by gavage or enema.