PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treatment and its impact on clinical imaging in non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of immune-related adverse events.

Background: In the contemporary era of cancer treatment, lung cancer (LC) holds the unenviable position of being the primary contributor to cancer-induced mortality worldwide. Although immunotherapy has expanded the therapeutic landscape for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors has been accompanied by a concomitant increase in immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Timely detection of irAEs is pivotal for efficacious management and enhanced patient outcomes.

Corrigendum: Role and mechanism of DNA methylation and its inhibitors in hepatic fibrosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.

Advances in application of novel magnetic resonance imaging technologies in liver disease diagnosis.

Liver disease is a major health concern globally, with high morbidity and mor-tality rates. Precise diagnosis and assessment are vital for guiding treatment approaches, predicting outcomes, and improving patient prognosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive diagnostic technique that has been widely used for detecting liver disease.

Role and mechanism of DNA methylation and its inhibitors in hepatic fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis is a repair response to injury caused by various chronic stimuli that continually act on the liver. Among them, the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and their transformation into a myofibroblast phenotype is a key event leading to liver fibrosis, however the mechanism has not yet been elucidated. The molecular basis of HSC activation involves changes in the regulation of gene expression without changes in the genome sequence, namely, epigenetic regulation.

Newly found variations of the right posterior portal vein identified radiologically in 1,003 Chinese patients: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The anatomy of the right posterior portal vein (RPPV) plays an important role in planning hepatic resection, living transplantation and interventional radiological procedures, yet the incidence of variations of RPPV without a common trunk in Chinese persons is still unclear. Therefore, we conducted this study and discussed its clinical implications.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scans was performed in 1,933 patients with various abdominal pathologies between September 28, 2018 through May 23, 2019.

Multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging of liver fibrosis in a bile duct ligation mouse model.

Background: Bile duct ligation (BDL) in animals is a classical method for mimicking cholestatic fibrosis. Although different surgical techniques have been described in rats and rabbits, mouse models can be more cost-effective and reproducible for investigating cholestatic fibrosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has made great advances for noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis.

Neoadjuvant intra-arterial versus intravenous chemotherapy in colorectal cancer.

To investigate the clinical benefits of transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy compared with intravenous chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).From May 2013 to March 2018, 83 patients (50 men and 33 women) with surgically proven CRC were retrospectively included. Before surgery, 62 patients received conventional systemic chemotherapy, and 21 transcatheter arterial chemotherapy.

Sodium Butyrate Pre-Treatment Enhance Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) into Hepatocytes and Improve Liver Injury.

Objective: The treatment of liver failure by stem cell transplantation has attracted growing interest. Herein, we aim to explore the role of sodium butyrate (NaB) in the hepatic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) under liver-specific factors induction in vitro and vivo.

Materials & Methods: We isolated BM-MSCs from the mononuclear cell fraction of rabbit bone marrow samples and identified the cells by Immunophenotypic analysis.

Orthotopic Versus Allotopic Implantation: Comparison of Radiological and Pathological Characteristics.

Background: In experimental animal models, implantation location might influence the heterogeneity and overall development of the tumor, leading to an interpretation bias.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of implantation location in experimental tumor model using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and pathological findings.

Study Type: Prospective.

Characterizing Fibrosis and Inflammation in a Partial Bile Duct Ligation Mouse Model by Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Background: Partial bile duct ligation (PBDL) model is a reliable cholestatic fibrosis experimental model that showed complex histopathological changes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of PBDL have not been well characterized.

Purpose: To investigate the potential of MRI parameters in assessing fibrosis in PBDL and explore the relationships between MRI and pathological features.

Validity of venous phase delay assessment in balloon occlusion test of internal carotid artery.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the utility of venous phase delay assessment to evaluate the balloon occlusion test (BOT) of the internal carotid artery (ICA). A total of 38 patients who received BOT of the ICA were included in this retrospective study. Clinical examination and venous phase assessment were performed in all patients to evaluate their suitability for the evaluation of the BOT of the ICA.

Continuous zebularine treatment enhances hepatic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells under liver-specific factors induction in vitro.

Aims: To investigate the effect of zebularine, a stable inhibitor of DNA methylation, on hepatic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) under liver-specific factors induction in vitro.

Main Methods: BM-MSCs were isolated from the mononuclear cell fraction of rabbit bone marrow samples. The identification of these cells was carried out by immunophenotype analysis.

Zebularine Promotes Hepatic Differentiation of Rabbit Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Interfering with p38 MAPK Signaling.

Demethylating agent zebularine is reported to be capable of inducing differentiation of stem cells by activation of methylated genes, though its function in hepatocyte differentiation is unclear. p38 signal pathway is involved in differentiation of hepatocytes and regulating of DNA methyltransferases 1 (DNMT1) expression. However, little is known about the impact of zebularine on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and p38 signaling during hepatic differentiation.

Tumescence Anesthesia Solution-Assisted Laser Ablation Treatment of Lower Limb Varicose Veins: The Effect of Temperature of the Tumescence Anesthesia Solution on Intraoperative and Postoperative Pain, Clinical Observations, and Comprehensive Nursing Care.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of cold and room temperature tumescence anesthesia solution (TAS) on the treatment of lower limb varicose veins via endovenous laser ablation.

Design: On the basis of the TAS temperature, patients were divided into two groups: group A (n = 26) received room temperature (24°C) TAS, and group B (n = 25) received cold (4°C) TAS.

Methods: A numerical rating scale was used to evaluate pain.

Ectopic pregnancy in the liver incidentally diagnosed by imaging: A case report.

The present report describes the case of a 31-year-old woman diagnosed with an ectopic pregnancy in the liver. The patient presented with amenorrhea for 40 days and abdominal distention for 27 days. A liver mass had been detected 6 days prior to presentation.

Diagnostic value of gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced hepatocyte-phase magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating hepatic fibrosis and hepatitis.

Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic value of gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA)-enhanced hepatocyte-phase magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evaluating hepatic fibrosis and hepatitis.

Methods: Hepatocyte-phase images of Gd-BOPTA-enhanced MRI were retrospectively evaluated in 76 patients with chronic liver disease. These patients were classified into five groups according to either the histopathological fibrosis stage (S0-S4) or the histopathological hepatitis grade (G0-G4).

Sequential Transarterial Embolization Followed by Percutaneous Vertebroplasty Is Safe and Effective in Pain Management in Vertebral Metastases.

Background: Vertebral metastases are the most frequent vertebral tumor. Transarterial embolization (TAE) devascularizes the tumor, resulting in tumor necrosis. Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP), a minimally invasive procedure, can effectively relieve tumor-related pain and improve spine stability.

In vitro and in vivo magnetic resonance imaging with chlorotoxin-conjugated superparamagnetic nanoprobes for targeting hepatocarcinoma.

The present study aimed to assess the in vitro and in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of chlorotoxin (CTX)-conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoprobes. CTX-conjugated nanoprobes were composed of SPIO coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and conjugated with CTX. The nanoprobes were termed SPIO-PEG-CTX.

Comparison of two different laparotomy methods for modeling rabbit VX2 hepatocarcinoma.

Aim: To compare two different laparotomy methods for modeling rabbit VX2 hepatocarcinoma.

Methods: Thirty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: A and B. Group A was assigned a traditional laparotomy method (embedding tumor fragments directly into the liver with tweezers).

Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor: dynamic CT, MRI and clinicopathological characteristics--analysis of 36 cases and review of the literature.

Background: The peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET) is a rare malignant tumor originating from neuroectoderm. The accurate diagnosis is essential for the treatment of pPNET.

Methods: we performed the largest cases of retrospective analysis thus far to review the unique computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and clinicopathological features of pPNET.

Magnetic resonance imaging of intracranial hemangiopericytoma and correlation with pathological findings.

The present study aimed to evaluate the radiological and pathological features of intracranial hemangiopericytoma, and improve the understanding of this tumor. A retrospective analysis of radiological and pathological features of five cases of intracranial hemangiopericytoma was conducted between 2006 and 2012 in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. A total of five cases (three males and two females; aged 37-60 years) were enrolled.

Dynamic characteristics of MR diffusion-weighted imaging in a rabbit liver VX-2 tumor model.

Purpose: To investigate prospectively dynamic characteristics of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on MR diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in a rabbit VX-2 tumor model.

Materials And Methods: Forty New Zealand rabbits were included in the study, and 47 rabbit VX-2 tumor models were developed by direct and intrahepatic implantation after opening the abdominal cavities. DWI was carried out periodically and respectively on days 7, 14 and 21 after implantation.

Rare hepatic malignant tumors: dynamic CT, MRI, and clinicopathologic features: with analysis of 54 cases and review of the literature.

Aim: To evaluate the dynamic CT, MRI, and clinicopathologic characteristics of rare hepatic malignant tumors (HRMTs), improving the understanding and diagnosis of the tumors.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 54 cases of HRMTs diagnosed by pathology in our hospital during January 1, 2005 to September 1, 2011.

Results: The types of tumors included hepatic sarcoma (n = 8), malignant lymphoma (n = 4), malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH, n = 7), malignant melanoma (MM, n = 4), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, n = 5), primary clear cell carcinoma of the liver (PCCCL, n = 7), stromal tumors (ST n = 4), hepatoblastoma (HB, n = 8), carcinoid (n = 6), primary primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET, n = 1).