Management of chronic dacryocystitis cases after failed external dacryocystorhinostomy using endoscopic technique with a novel lacrimal ostium stent.

Aim: To demonstrate the outcomes of endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR) with an novel lacrimal ostium stent (LOS) which was performed in patients with recurrent epiphora after failed external dacryocystorhinostomy (Ex-DCR) and analyze the causes of failed Ex-DCR.

Methods: From September 2015 and December 2017, the clinic data of 29 cases suffered from recurrent epiphora after failed Ex-DCR was reviewed. The LOS were implanted into the ostium at the end of the revisional surgery.

Endoscopic transnasal canaliculorhinostomy for refractory common canalicular obstruction with an unidentifiable lacrimal sac.

Aim: To describe the role of endoscopic transnasal canaliculorhinostomy (ETC) in refractory common canalicular obstruction (CCO) associated with an absent or unidentifiable lacrimal sac.

Methods: The records of patients with refractory CCO who underwent ETC at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from October 2007 to December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: Fifty-six patients (56 eyes) with refractory CCO were recruited into the study.

Navigation-Guided Endoscopy Combined with Deep Lateral Orbitotomy for Removal of Small Tumors at the Lateral Orbital Apex.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy, feasibility, and safety of the navigation-guided endoscopy combined with deep lateral orbitotomy for removal of small tumors at the lateral orbital apex.

Design: A retrospective, noncomparative case series.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of ten patients (10 eyes) with small tumors at the lateral orbital apex comprised navigation-guided endoscopy combined with deep lateral orbitotomy at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from November 2015 to November 2017.

Rapid Integration of Tactile and Visual Information by a Newly Sighted Child.

How we learn to interact with and understand our environment for the first time is an age-old philosophical question. Scientists have long sought to understand what is the origin of egocentric spatial localization and the perceptual integration of touch and visual information. It is difficult to study the beginnings of intermodal visual-motor and visual-tactile linkages in early infancy since infants' muscular strength and control cannot accurately guide visual-motor behavior and they do not concentrate well [1-6].