Exosomal long non-coding RNAs: biological properties and therapeutic potential in cancer treatment.

Exosomes and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as important elements contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of cancer development and progression. The discovery of lncRNAs in exosomes further indicates their bona fide biological functional roles in cancer development and drug resistance. In this review, we describe the biogenesis of exosomes and summarize the function of exosomal lncRNAs in the field of cancer research.

Pure natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery management of simple renal cysts: 2-year follow-up results.

Background And Purpose: Retrograde ureteroscopic marsupialization is a pure natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES). We retrospectively examined the feasibility and safety of this technique to manage symptomatic simple renal cysts.

Patients And Methods: Sixteen patients with simple renal cysts were selected and treated by incising the cyst wall to drain into the collecting system through retrograde ureteroscopy.