The Future of Surgical Diagnostics: Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Detection of Ganglion Cells for Hirschsprung Disease.

Hirschsprung disease, a congenital disease characterized by the absence of ganglion cells, presents significant surgical challenges. Addressing a critical gap in intraoperative diagnostics, we introduce transformative artificial intelligence approach that significantly enhances the detection of ganglion cells in frozen sections. The data set comprises 366 frozen and 302 formalin-fixed-paraffin-embedded hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides obtained from 164 patients from 3 centers.

Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Facial Artery in the Nasolabial Fold for Gender Differences and Symmetry Between Hemifaces.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish the relationship of facial artery with nasolabial fold by color Doppler sonography and to determine facial artery variations and their relationship with age, gender, or hemifaces.

Methods: The study included 188 patients (94 women, 94 men) aged 18-60 years. Overall, 376 facial arteries in both hemifaces were evaluated for the course within nasolabial fold, symmetry, and relationship with gender.

Evaluation of Maxillary Sinus Volume of Class III Individuals with Different Jaw Positions by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography.

Objective: To compare maxillary sinus volumes and surface areas among individuals with Class III skeletal patterns, with different sagittal positions of maxilla and Class I patients with normal jaw positions using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods: CBCT images of 168 patients were analyzed retrospectively. The calculated surface areas and sinus volumes of 58 patients with Class I, normal mandibular and maxillary position (0SNA>80, 82>SNB>78) were compared with 61 patients with Class III retrognathic maxillary and normal mandibular positions (MRs) (ANB<0, SNA<80, 82>SNB>78) and 49 patients with Class III normal maxillary and prognathic mandibular positions (MP) (ANB<0, 84>SNA>80, SNB>82).

Deep learning as a new tool in the diagnosis of mycosis fungoides.

Mycosis Fungoides (MF) makes up the most of the cutaneous lymphomas. As a malignant disease, the greatest diagnostical challenge is to timely differentiate MF from inflammatory diseases. Contemporary computational methods successfully identify cell nuclei in histological specimens.

Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Soft Tissue Calcifications in the Head and Neck Region Detected on Panoramic Radiographs.

Objective: The aim of this study is to present a comparison between panoramic radiographs and USG imaging with a focus on revealing the advantages of USG over radiographs, and to show the distribution of calcifications detected in USG by considering the age and gender.

Methods: A total of 148 patients with soft tissue calcifications as seen on panoramic radiographs were examined with USG imaging. Sialoliths, carotid artery calcifications, tonsilloliths, phleboliths and lymph node calcifications were examined in terms of anatomical localization, distribution and shape.

Assessment of the relationship between fractal analysis of mandibular bone and orthodontic treatment duration : A retrospective study.

Purpose: This retrospective study aimed to determine whether a correlation exists between the fractal dimension value and overall orthodontic treatment duration in children and young adults.

Methods: The study included a total of 643 patients (age: 10-25 years) who received orthodontic treatment between January 2015 and March 2020. Patient records and pretreatment panoramic radiographs were evaluated.

The Assessment of Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients Receiving Orthodontic Treatment.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the difficulties experienced by patients receiving orthodontic treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic and to evaluate the problems experienced by orthodontic patients, along with their attitudes toward these problems.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey study including a total of 502 patients (291 female; 211 male) receiving orthodontic treatment at a public or private clinic was conducted via a web-based questionnaire.

Results: Of all participants, 70.

Melatonin improves periodontitis-induced kidney damage by decreasing inflammatory stress and apoptosis in rats.

Background: Two main aims of this animal study were to inspect the possible effects of periodontitis on the structure and functions of the kidneys and the therapeutic effectiveness of melatonin.

Methods: Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, experimental periodontitis (Ep), and Ep-melatonin (Ep-Mel). Periodontitis was induced by placing 3.

The role of COL6A1and PD-1 expressions in renal cell carcinoma.

Objective: The COL6A1 is a gene encoding the alpha 1 polypeptide subunit of collagen 6 (COL6A1), an extracellular matrix protein subunit. Programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) and its ligand, programmed cell death receptor ligand-1 (PD-L1) have been shown to have a prognostic significance in clear cell renal cell carcinomas (RCCs). In this study, we evaluated the expressions of COL6A1 and PD-1 in four different RCC subtypes.

Algorithmic quantum heat engines.

We suggest alternative quantum Otto engines, using heat bath algorithmic cooling with a partner pairing algorithm instead of isochoric cooling and using quantum swap operations instead of quantum adiabatic processes. Liquid state nuclear magnetic resonance systems in a single entropy sink are treated as working fluids. The extractable work and thermal efficiency are analyzed in detail for four-stroke and two-stroke types of alternative quantum Otto engines.

First report of lateral nasal wall pneumatization.

Pneumatization is defined as air-filled cavities inside bone tissue. It is an anatomic variation such asymptomatic radiolucent defects that can be unilateral and multilocular in healthy individuals. The skull contains numerous pneumatized regions including paranasal sinuses, nasal cavity, zygomatic arch and temporal bone.

Available bone morphology and status of neural structures in the mandibular interforaminal region: three-dimensional analysis of anatomical structures.

Purpose: This study aimed to clarify the size and morphology of the mandible and to determine state of neural structures for the planning of the dental implantation using cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT).

Methods: Of the 252 patients, CBCT images of 48 selected patients were evaluated. The bone height and width were measured and the type of the mental portion of the inferior alveolar canal, the anterior loop length (ALL), the location of the incisive canal and lingual foramen were identified with cross-sectional and multiplane reformatted CBCT images.

Comparison of Bone Resorption Rates after Intraoral Block Bone and Guided Bone Regeneration Augmentation for the Reconstruction of Horizontally Deficient Maxillary Alveolar Ridges.

. Bone atrophy after tooth loss may leave insufficient bone for implant placement. We compared volumetric changes after autogenous ramus block bone grafting (RBG) or guided bone regeneration (GBR) in horizontally deficient maxilla before implant placement.

Evaluation of root morphology and root canal configuration of premolars in the Turkish individuals using cone beam computed tomography.

Objective: The aim of the present study is to assess the root and root canal morphology of maxillary and mandibular premolars in a Turkish population by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials And Methods: In this study, CBCT images of 2134 premolars (987 maxillary, 1147 mandibular) were obtained from 404 patients. Details of gender, age, number of roots and canals, and canal configuration in each root were recorded.

Cone beam computed tomographic analysis of maxillary premolars and molars to detect the relationship between periapical and marginal bone loss and mucosal thickness of maxillary sinus.

Background: This study assessed the relationship between mucosal thickness (MT) of the maxillary sinus and periodontal bone loss (PBL) and periapical condition of related teeth. We also aimed to identify the association between root apices and the inferior wall of the maxillary sinus using Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Material And Methods: In this study, CBCT images of 205 patients with 410 maxillary sinuses were examined, retrospectively.