The Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer Perspective on Tissue-Based Technologies for Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Discovery and Application.

With immuno-oncology becoming the standard of care for a variety of cancers, identifying biomarkers that reliably classify patient response, resistance, or toxicity becomes the next critical barrier towards improving care. Multi-parametric, multi-omics, and computational platforms generating an unprecedented depth of data are poised to usher in the discovery of increasingly robust biomarkers for enhanced patient selection and personalized treatment approaches. Deciding which developing technologies to implement in clinical settings ultimately, applied either alone or in combination, relies on weighing pros and cons, from minimizing patient sampling to maximizing data outputs, and assessing reproducibility and representativeness of findings, while lessening data fragmentation towards harmonization.

Multidisciplinary approach to diagnostic radiology education: a novel educational intervention for Turkish medical students.

Teleconferencing can facilitate a multidisciplinary approach to teaching radiology to medical students. This study aimed to determine whether an online learning approach enables students to appreciate the interrelated roles of radiology and other specialties during the management of different medical cases. Turkish medical students attended five 60-90-minute online lectures delivered by radiologists and other specialists from the United States and Canada through Zoom meetings between November 2020 and January 2021.

Lemann Index for assessing bowel damage in Crohn's disease: a real world study.

Background & Aims: The Lemann Index (LI), an endpoint to measure cumulative structural bowel damage in Crohn's disease (CD), has been recently updated and validated. We applied this to investigate predictors of bowel damage in a real-world cohort.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study (2008-2022) involving two tertiary referral IBD centers in the US.

Perianal Fistulizing Crohn's Disease-Associated Anorectal and Fistula Cancers: Systematic Review and Expert Consensus.

Background & Aims: Perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease (PFCD)-associated anorectal and fistula cancers are rare but often devastating diagnoses. However, given the low incidence and consequent lack of data and clinical trials in the field, there is little to no guidance on screening and management of these cancers. To inform clinical practice, we developed consensus guidelines on PFCD-associated anorectal and fistula cancers by multidisciplinary experts from the international TOpClass consortium.

MRI and PSMA PET/CT of Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer may recur several years after definitive treatment, such as prostatectomy or radiation therapy. A rise in serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level is the first sign of disease recurrence, and this is termed . Patients with biochemical recurrence have worse survival outcomes.

The RSNA Cervical Spine Fracture CT Dataset.

This dataset is composed of cervical spine CT images with annotations related to fractures; it is available at https://www.kaggle.com/competitions/rsna-2022-cervical-spine-fracture-detection/.

Seeing Radiology Curricula Through Turkish Medical Students' Eyes: A Survey of Turkish Medical Schools' Radiology Education.

Introduction: Radiology education is essential for nonradiologist specialists and practitioners as well as for radiologists. We conducted a survey to gather the opinions of Turkish medical students from first to sixth grade regarding their radiology curricula, radiology education content, and perceptions of various imaging modalities and to assess the amount, adequacy, and homogeneity of radiology education in various schools.

Methods: Turkish medical students were reached by student ambassadors from 10 different schools of medicine via social media and email.

Knowing the ABCs: teaching the principles of radiology to medical students in Turkey.

Background: Radiology education in Turkey is mainly taught during clinical years of medical school and often lacks main principles. Exposure to the fundamentals of radiology at an early stage of medical education may drastically help students generate a better understanding of radiology and expand their interest in the specialty. With the Principles of Radiology Course that we provided, pre- and post-session tests, and assessment survey at the end of the course, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of such an online course among Turkish medical students.

Abbreviated Liver Magnetic Resonance Imaging Protocols and Applications.

Abbreviated magnetic resonance imaging (AMRI) approach became a hot topic in liver imaging recently. Different AMRI protocols including noncontrast AMRI (NC-AMRI), hepatobiliary-AMRI (HBP-AMRI) using gadoxetic acid, and dynamic-AMRI (Dyn-AMRI) using extracellular contrast agent, have been described in the literature. In this review, the use of these AMRI approaches in various indications including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening and surveillance in chronic liver disease; fat, iron, and fibrosis screening and assessment in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); and finally liver metastasis screening and surveillance in patients with colorectal cancer are summarized.

Radiomic signatures of posterior fossa ependymoma: Molecular subgroups and risk profiles.

Background: The risk profile for posterior fossa ependymoma (EP) depends on surgical and molecular status [Group A (PFA) versus Group B (PFB)]. While subtotal tumor resection is known to confer worse prognosis, MRI-based EP risk-profiling is unexplored. We aimed to apply machine learning strategies to link MRI-based biomarkers of high-risk EP and also to distinguish PFA from PFB.

Determinants of Pancreatic Steatosis: A Retrospective Observational Study.

BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome affects 35% of the adult population in developed countries associated with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular events. Fatty infiltration of the pancreas, or pancreatic steatosis, is a risk factor for acute pancreatitis, pancreatic malignancies, and diabetes mellitus, yet its relationship with metabolic syndrome is not well defined. METHODS We performed a single-centered retrospective observational study of 322 healthy subjects (subjects volunteering to be kidney transplant donors, mean age=46.

Spin-echo and diffusion-weighted MRI in differentiation between progressive massive fibrosis and lung cancer.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based parameters in differentiating between progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) and lung cancer.

Methods: This retrospective study included 60 male patients (mean age, 67.0±9.

Deep COVID DeteCT: an international experience on COVID-19 lung detection and prognosis using chest CT.

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents open questions in how we clinically diagnose and assess disease course. Recently, chest computed tomography (CT) has shown utility for COVID-19 diagnosis. In this study, we developed Deep COVID DeteCT (DCD), a deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) that uses the entire chest CT volume to automatically predict COVID-19 (COVID+) from non-COVID-19 (COVID-) pneumonia and normal controls.

The RSNA International COVID-19 Open Radiology Database (RICORD).

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a global health care emergency. Although reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction testing is the reference standard method to identify patients with COVID-19 infection, chest radiography and CT play a vital role in the detection and management of these patients. Prediction models for COVID-19 imaging are rapidly being developed to support medical decision making.

Clinical Importance of Incidental Homogeneous Renal Masses That Measure 10-40 mm and 21-39 HU at Portal Venous Phase CT: A 12-Institution Retrospective Cohort Study.

Incidental homogeneous renal masses are frequently encountered at portal venous phase CT. The American College of Radiology Incidental Findings Committee's white paper on renal masses recommends additional imaging for incidental homogeneous renal masses greater than 20 HU, but single-center data and the Bosniak classification version 2019 suggest the optimal attenuation threshold for detecting solid masses should be higher. The purpose of this article is to determine the clinical importance of small (10-40 mm) incidentally detected homogeneous renal masses measuring 21-39 HU at portal venous phase CT.

Diagnostic ability of Ga-68 PSMA PET to detect dominant and non-dominant tumors, upgrading and adverse pathology in patients with PIRADS 4-5 index lesions undergoing radical prostatectomy.

Background: To evaluate the additive role of Ga-68 PSMA PET as a primary staging tool in patients bearing prostate cancer in single PIRADS 4 or 5 index lesions.

Methods: Eighty-one biopsy-naive patients with preoperative mpMRI and Ga-68 PSMA PET who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) were evaluated retrospectively. Forty-nine patients had PIRADS 4 and 32 had PIRADS 5 index lesions.