The Performance of Ankle- and Waist-Based Accelerometry in Quantifying Physical Activity Intensity Among 6- to 24-Month-Year-Olds: A Semistructured Laboratory Study.

Objectives: We aim to quantify the performance of accelerometry in objectively measuring physical activity (PA) intensity among infants and toddlers.

Methods: Thirty-eight 6- to 24-month-olds participated in a 30-min, semistructured lab visit. Twenty-three (61%) children could walk independently.

Validating the Problematic Media Use Measure in Preschool-Aged Children: Associations With Children's Screen Media Use, Bothersome Pestering to Use Screen Media, and Emotional Self-Regulation.

Screen media use, and particularly mobile device use, is frequent among preschool-age children. Studies support that problematic media use (PMU) symptoms are present among older children (4-11-year-olds) and toddlers, and PMU correlates with child temperament and parenting around child media use. We examined the performance of a widely used PMU measure among a sample of 85 3-5-year-old children to document whether variation in PMU exists in this age group and whether this PMU measure specifically has face validity relative to expected correlates of PMU.

Donor-specific immune senescence as a candidate biomarker of operational tolerance following liver transplantation in adults: Results of a prospective, multicenter cohort study.

Immunosuppression can be withdrawn from selected liver transplant recipients, although robust clinical predictors of tolerance remain elusive. The Immune Tolerance Network ITN056ST study (OPTIMAL; NCT02533180) assessed clinical outcomes and mechanistic correlates of phased immunosuppression withdrawal (ISW) in nonautoimmune, nonviral adult liver transplant recipients. Enrolled subjects were ≥3 years posttransplant with minimal/absent inflammation or fibrosis on a screening liver biopsy.

American perspectives for LDLT in 2024.

Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) was first performed in the US in 1989, primarily benefiting pediatric patients. Its adoption for adults faced setbacks after a donor death in 2001, causing widespread risk aversion. Despite ethical justification and demonstrated safety, LDLT remains underutilized, with fewer than 10% of liver transplants being LDLT.

Genetic associations with consumption of palatable foods in the absence of hunger in response to food cues in children.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate obesity-related genetic factors in relation to excess consumption and assess if food cues modify associations.

Methods: Children (9-12 years) completed a randomized crossover experiment. During two visits, children ate a preload and then snacks ad libitum while watching television, embedded with food or non-food advertisements to assess eating in the absence of hunger (EAH).

A Latent Class Analysis of Family Eating Behaviors and Home Environment Habits on Preschool-Aged Children's Body Mass Index.

The etiology of obesity is multifaceted, with multiple risk factors occurring during early childhood (e.g., fast food frequency, eating dinner as a family, TV in the bedroom).

International multicenter study of ultralow graft-to-recipient weight ratio grafts in adult living donor liver transplantation.

Decreasing the graft size in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) increases the risk of early allograft dysfunction. Graft-to-recipient weight ratio (GRWR) of 0.8 is considered the threshold.

Association of Food Desert Residence and 5-Year Mortality in Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing Resection.

Introduction: Food desert (FD) residence has emerged as a risk factor for poor outcomes in breast, colon and esophageal cancers. The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine FD residence as an associated risk factor in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with anatomic lung resection (ALR).

Methods: All consecutive ALRs for stage I-III NSCLC from January 2015 to December 2017 at a single institution were reviewed.

Association of diet with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in plasma and human milk in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are related to various adverse health outcomes, and food is a common source of PFAS exposure. Dietary sources of PFAS have not been adequately explored among U.S.

The associations between attentional bias to food cues, parent-report appetitive traits, and concurrent adiposity among adolescents.

Objective: To assess whether attentional bias to food cues and appetitive traits are independently and interactively associated with adiposity in adolescents.

Method: Eighty-five adolescents, 14-17-years had their attentional bias to food images measured in a sated state by computing eye tracking measures of attention (first fixation duration, cumulative fixation duration) to food and control distractor images that bordered a computer game. Parents reported adolescent appetitive traits including the food approach domains of enjoyment of food, food responsiveness, emotional overeating, and the food avoidance domains of satiety responsiveness and emotional overeating through the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire.

Children's Perception of Food Marketing Across Digital Media Platforms.

Introduction: Exposure to food marketing increases the risk of poor diet. Children's perception and interpretation of food marketing across digital media platforms is understudied. Children aged 9-11 years are uniquely susceptible to food marketing because children may watch content alone, and it is unclear whether embedded ads are decipherable by children (e.

Biliary complications after adult-to-adult living-donor liver transplantation: An international multicenter study of 3633 cases.

In living-donor liver transplantation, biliary complications including bile leaks and biliary anastomotic strictures remain significant challenges, with incidences varying across different centers. This multicentric retrospective study (2016-2020) included 3633 adult patients from 18 centers and aimed to identify risk factors for these biliary complications and their impact on patient survival. Incidences of bile leaks and biliary strictures were 11.

Associations between sleep and appetitive traits in higher-income preschoolers: A six-month study.

Background: Short sleep is consistently linked with childhood obesity, possibly via disrupting appetite hormones and increasing food responsiveness. Few studies have objectively examined this association in early childhood.

Objective: To evaluate associations of sleep quantity and quality with child appetitive traits and eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) in a higher-income cohort of 86 preschool-age children (age 4.

Factors Correlated With Ultra-Processed Food (UPF) Intake in Preschool-Aged Children and Association With Weight.

Objective: Understand the correlates of ultra-processed food (UPF) intake and examine the association of UPF on body mass index in children aged 3-5 years.

Design: Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of 3-5-year-olds/parent, followed 1-year between March 2014 and October 2016. Usual UPF intake from 2 3-day food records completed 1 year apart, a standardized nutrient database customized with child-specific foods, and a NOVA food classification system was used.

Engagement of Older Adults Receiving Home Care Services and Their Caregivers in Health Decisions in Partnership With Clinical Teams: Protocol for a Multimethod Study to Prioritize and Culturally Adapt Decision Aids for Home Care.

Background: Older adults (people aged 65 years and older) face many difficult decisions. Patient decision aids (PtDAs) can help them and their families make informed value-congruent decisions. Some PtDAs have been developed for the home care context, but little is known about scaling them for use with older adults in a different culture.

Management of Established Small-for-size Syndrome in Post Living Donor Liver Transplantation: Medical, Radiological, and Surgical Interventions: Guidelines From the ILTS-iLDLT-LTSI Consensus Conference.

Small-for-size syndrome (SFSS) following living donor liver transplantation is a complication that can lead to devastating outcomes such as prolonged poor graft function and possibly graft loss. Because of the concern about the syndrome, some transplants of mismatched grafts may not be performed. Portal hyperperfusion of a small graft and hyperdynamic splanchnic circulation are recognized as main pathogenic factors for the syndrome.

Anesthesia and Critical Care for the Prediction and Prevention for Small-for-size Syndrome: Guidelines from the ILTS-iLDLT-LTSI Consensus Conference.

Background: During the perioperative period of living donor liver transplantation, anesthesiologists and intensivists may encounter patients in receipt of small grafts that puts them at risk of developing small for size syndrome (SFSS).

Methods: A scientific committee (106 members from 21 countries) performed an extensive literature review on aspects of SFSS with proposed recommendations. Recommendations underwent a blinded review by an independent expert panel and discussion/voting on the recommendations occurred at a consensus conference organized by the International Liver Transplantation Society, International Living Donor Liver Transplantation Group, and Liver Transplantation Society of India.

Elucidating pathways to pediatric obesity: a study evaluating obesity polygenic risk scores related to appetitive traits in children.

Background/objectives: Obesity polygenic risk scores (PRS) explain substantial variation in body mass index (BMI), yet associations between PRSs and appetitive traits in children remain unclear. To better understand pathways leading to pediatric obesity, this study aimed to assess the association of obesity PRSs and appetitive traits.

Subjects/methods: This study included 248 unrelated children aged 9-12 years.