Levels and causes of stress among residents.

Medical and dental residents at the University of Rochester Medical Center were surveyed to measure stress and its causes. Their stress, as measured by the brief symptom inventory, showed levels slightly above those of an adult comparison group. The average levels of stress decreased with the residents' advancing levels of training.

The pulpal effect of freezing temperatures applied to monkey teeth.

When temperatures below -80 degrees C, are applied to intact monkey teeth via a liquid nitrogen probe for 1, 2, or 3 minutes, an increasing degree of pulpal damage occurs, but all pulps remain vital. The lesion appears to be predictable and is characterized by a distinct layer of coronal secondary dentin with cellular inclusions, odontoblast destruction, and microvascular injury. The root pulp remains essentially healthy and uninflamed.

Use of combined immunization routes in induction of a salivary immunoglobulin A response to Streptococcus mutans in Macaca fascicularis monkeys.

Various combinations of immunization routes were examined for ability to elicit or prolong (or both) a salivary secretory immunoglobulin A response to Streptococcus mutans strain Ingbritt (serotype c) in Macaca fascicularis monkeys. Intraductal (i.d.

Mucosal graft vestibuloplasty over a xenograft: report of case.

A case is described that demonstrates the use of DDBB to eliminate an anterior undercut in the augmentation in the edentulous mandible. Subsequent vestibular extension using a free mucosal graft was performed superficially to the xenograft bed. This material is extremely useful because it is biologically bonded to underlying bone and is not jeopardized by a second surgical procedure in the graft region.

Effects of antibodies on adherence and cell-associated glucan production by Streptococcus mutans cells.

Studies reported here show that hyperimmune rabbit serums can have profound inhibitory effects on adherence of S mutans to smooth surfaces and that this reduction in adherence is correlated with the reduction of CAG. The latter was measured by an assay developed in our laboratory that estimates CAG production by measuring the uptake of 14C glucose-labeled sucrose into components which can be extracted by dilute alkali. This is a direct demonstration of the effect of antibody on a metabolic function of S mutans that is important in virulence.

Immunization of Macaca fascicularis (Macaca irus) monkeys with Streptococcus mutans: specificity of antibody responses in saliva.

M fascicularis monkeys were immunized subcutaneously in the vicinity of the major salivary glands and by retrograde infusion into the parotid duct, with a vaccine containing Formalin-killed S mutans strain 6715 cells and culture-fluid antigens. Indirect immunofluorescent staining was used to titrate and classify antibodies. Subcutaneous immunization induced only a serum response, whereas intraductal infusion stimulated both an IgA antibody response in the parotid fluid and a serum response.

Purification, characterization, and immunogenicity of cell-associated glucan from Streptococcus mutans.

Appropriate immunization with whole cell vaccines of S mutans appear to induce antibodies that inhibit implantation of S mutans on tooth surfaces and associated dental caries. To better understand the mechanisms by which vaccination prevents S mutans implantation and dental caries, and to prepare antigens whose effectiveness and safety can be tested in animal models of caries, we set out to purify and chemically characterize the CAG of S mutans. The CAG of S mutans strain 6715 was prepared by extracting cells with potasssium hydroxide at 100 C.

Prevention of Streptococcus mutans infection of tooth surfaces by salivary antibody in Irus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).

Four irus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were immunized with Streptococcus mutans 6715 killed cells and cell products by injection in the vicinity of the major salivary glands and by instillation into the parotid glands via the ducts. After immune group and a sham-immunized control group of monkeys were infected orally with viable strain 6715 organisms. Dental plaque samples were taken at intervals from the buccal and lingual grooves of the first permanent molars.

Antibody response in the parotid fluid and serum of Irus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) after local immunization with Streptococcus mutans.

The antibody response of Macaca fascicularis in parotid saliva and serum to local immunization by two routes with Streptococcus mutans was studied and compared over 1 year. Antibodies were titrated and classified by indirect immunofluorescent staining using specific antiglobulin conjugates. Antiglucosyltransferase activity was assayed by an enzyme inhibition test.

Immunocyte response to experimental mumps virus infection in Rhesus monkeys.

Nineteen rhesus monkeys were inoculated with mumps virus by retrograde ductal instillation into the parotid gland. Evidence of infection was obtained in all instances. Virus was isolated from buccal swabbings and parotid biopsies for 1 week after inoculation.