Anesthesia update - Incorporating methadone into companion animal anesthesia and analgesic protocols: A narrative review.

Opioid analgesics are routinely used during the perioperative period, to provide analgesia and reduce anesthetics doses required to maintain a surgical plane of anesthesia in companion animals. Acting on receptors in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system, opioids provide reliable and consistent analgesia; however, they are not without adverse effects. Methadone, a mu agonist opioid analgesic, was recently licensed for veterinary use in Canada.

Short- and long-term outcomes associated with anal sacculectomy in dogs with massive apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma.

Objective: To evaluate short- and long-term outcomes for dogs undergoing anal sacculectomy for massive (> 5 cm) apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma (AGASACA).

Animals: 28 client-owned dogs with massive AGASACA.

Procedures: A retrospective multi-institutional study was performed.