COVID-19 impact on incidence and stage at diagnosis of five prominent cancers: A French cancer registry-based study.

Background: The French healthcare system has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, including cancer care.

Methods: In order to evaluate the impact of this pandemic on cancer incidence, the Isere Departmental Cancer Registry compared the actual 2020 incidence of melanoma, breast, colorectal, prostate and lung cancers with the expected 2020 incidence based on data collected by the Registry between 2015 and 2019, taking into account periods of lockdown and reopening. When available, cancer stages and/or prognostic scores were recorded.

Towards the biomechanical modelling of the behaviour of ex-vivo porcine perineal tissues.

The perineum is a layered soft tissue structure with mechanical properties that maintain the integrity of the pelvic floor. During childbirth, the perineum undergoes significant deformation that often results in tears of various degrees of severity. To better understand the mechanisms underlying perineal tears, it is crucial to consider the mechanical properties of the different tissues that make up the perineum.

In vitro biomechanical properties of porcine perineal tissues to better understand human perineal tears during delivery.

Introduction: Data concerning the mechanical properties of the perineum during delivery are very limited. In vivo experiments raise ethical issues. The aim of the study was to describe some of the biomechanical properties of each perineal tissue layer collected from sows in order to better understand perineal tears during childbirth.

Aberrant activation of five embryonic stem cell-specific genes robustly predicts a high risk of relapse in breast cancers.

Background: In breast cancer, as in all cancers, genetic and epigenetic deregulations can result in out-of-context expressions of a set of normally silent tissue-specific genes. The activation of some of these genes in various cancers empowers tumours cells with new properties and drives enhanced proliferation and metastatic activity, leading to a poor survival prognosis.

Results: In this work, we undertook an unprecedented systematic and unbiased analysis of out-of-context activations of a specific set of tissue-specific genes from testis, placenta and embryonic stem cells, not expressed in normal breast tissue as a source of novel prognostic biomarkers.

Access to innovation through clinical trials and the national early access program for patients with lung cancer in France: focus on atezolizumab and durvalumab.

Purpose: Tumor genomic profiling and PD-L1 testing mean lung cancer management can be tackled through a personalized approach. Targeted therapies and immunotherapy are necessary to improve survival and preserve the patients' quality of life. Early access to innovation before marketing authorization (MA) is possible in France through clinical trials and an early-access program called a Temporary Authorization for Use (ATU), which is a unique regulatory system in Europe.

Discrepancies between dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase phenotyping and genotyping: What are the explanatory factors?

Aim: Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency can be detected by phenotyping (measurement of plasma uracil [U], with U ≥ 16 μg/L defining a partial deficiency) and/or by genotyping (screening for the four most frequent DPYD variants). We aimed to determine the proportion of discrepancies between phenotypic and genotypic approaches and to identify possible explanatory factors.

Methods: Data from patients who underwent both phenotyping and genotyping were retrospectively collected.

[Early access to innovative drugs, ethical impacts].

EARLY ACCESS TO INNOVATIVE DRUGS, ETHICAL IMPACTS In France, the average time between marketing authorisation and patient access to drugs is 530 days, this period takes into account the period of price negotiation and reimbursement specific to countries that provide medical coverage to the entire population. Regarding innovation, since 1994, the introduction of the ATU system has made it possible to reduce this delay. The new system set up in July 2021 includes the ANSM and HAS with the objective of linking the access decision and the reimbursement decision of the innovation.

Evolution of breast cancer incidence in young women in a French registry from 1990 to 2018: Towards a change in screening strategy?

Background: The worldwide incidence of invasive breast cancer in women is increasing according to several studies. This increase in incidence seems to be higher in young women (< 40 years). However, the reasons for this trend are poorly understood.

An agent-based model of vibration-induced intimal hyperplasia.

Acute exposure to hand-arm transmitted vibrations (HAVs) may decrease the wall shear stress (WSS) exerted by the blood flow on the arterial endothelium. In the case of chronic exposure to HAVs, these WSS changes can lead to arterial growth and remodeling potentially induced by an intimal hyperplasia phenomenon. Accordingly, we implemented an agent-based model (ABM) that captures the hemodynamics-driven and mechanoregulated cellular mechanisms involved in vibration-induced intimal hyperplasia.

Survival, cost and added therapeutic benefit of drugs granted early access through the French temporary authorization for use program in solid tumors from 2009 to 2019.

Decisions on market authorization (MA) and reimbursement have different durations across countries because of health technology assessment (HTA) procedures and negotiations between manufacturers and national authorities. To overcome this delay, France has implemented a Temporary Authorization for Use (ATU) program that allows early access to drugs before MA, in order to treat patients with unmet medical needs. The objectives of our study were to establish the added therapeutic benefit (ATB) of ATUs for solid tumors and to investigate the correlations between three tools evaluating ATB and survival outcomes and drug costs.

skin anisotropy dataset from annular suction test.

To characterize the anisotropic and viscoelastic behaviors of the skin, we conducted an experimental campaign of suction tests using the CutiScan®CS100 device from Courage and Khazaka electronics. In this data paper, we present the raw acquired data of the tests and their respective treated data. The tests were performed 30 times on the anterior forearm of a 28-year-old Caucasian male at different pressure set-points, ranging from 100 to 500 mbar with an increment of 20 mbar, at ambient temperature in a windowless room.

Comparative study on anticancer drug access times between FDA, EMA and the French temporary authorisation for use program over 13 years.

Introduction: The cancer incidence continues to rise worldwide. Medical innovation has a major impact on patient survival, but within drug development, it can take more than 10 years to obtain marketing authorisation (MA). The time required for access to therapeutic innovation remains critical, so France has developed a specific expanded access program named ATU, which allows the administration of drugs before the European Medicines Agency (EMA) approval.

Factors associated with survival of patients with solid Cancer alive after intensive care unit discharge between 2005 and 2013.

Background: At intensive care unit (ICU) admission, the issue about prognosis of critically ill cancer patients is of clinical interest, especially after ICU discharge. Our objective was to assess the factors associated with 3- and 6-month survival of ICU cancer survivors.

Methods: Based on the French OutcomeRea™ database, we included solid cancer patients discharged alive, between December 2005 and November 2013, from the medical ICU of the university hospital in Grenoble, France.

Analysis of the StoRM cohort reveals physical activity to be associated with survival in metastatic breast cancer.

Benefits of physical activity are widely demonstrated for early stage cancers but few studies have focused on metastatic disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of physical activity on survival in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We conducted a secondary analysis of the national, multicentric, non-randomized, prospective cohort SNPs to Risk of Metastasis (StoRM) study.

Multimodal investigation of a keloid scar by combining mechanical tests in vivo with diverse imaging techniques.

Keloids are pathologic scars, defined as fibroproliferative diseases resulting from abnormal wound responses, which grow beyond the original wound margins. They develop on specific pro-keloid anatomic sites frequently characterized by high stress states. The initiation and growth mechanisms of keloid are not well-understood.

Unraveling the Metastability of C ( n = 2-4) Clusters.

Pure carbon clusters have received considerable attention for a long time. However, fundamental questions, such as what the smallest stable carbon cluster dication is, remain unclear. We investigated the stability and fragmentation behavior of C ( n = 2-4) dications using state-of-the-art atom probe tomography.

The analysis of forces needed for the suturing of elliptical skin wounds.

There is a lack of information regarding the forces required for suturing human wounds. The knowledge of suturing forces serves as complementary information for setting up the limiting geometry when using tissue adhesives and it might also be used in robot-assisted surgery. The main purpose of this paper was to evaluate the forces required for suturing selected skin wounds.

Development and characterization of a human dermal equivalent with physiological mechanical properties.

Background/aims: Different models of reconstructed skin are available, either to provide skin wound healing when this process is deficient, or to be used as an in vitro model. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on the mechanical properties of skin equivalent. Indeed, human skin is naturally under tension.

A new experimental method for measuring skin's natural tension.

Purpose: The precise determination of skin's mechanical properties is still an open question. When performing an in vivo test, the piece of skin tested is not as well defined as it is in material testing. Moreover, the body zone and the body posture imply an initial stress on the skin.