Structural Transformation and Creativity Induced by Biological Agents during Fermentation of Edible Nuts from .

L. (tropical almond) is a nutritious fruit found mainly in the tropics. This study is aimed to establish the naturally biotransformed molecules and identify the probiotic agents facilitating the fermentation.

Fermentation Enhanced Biotransformation of Compounds in the Kernel of .

Linn (African star apple) is a fruit with extensive nutritional and medicinal benefits. The fruit and kernel in the seed are both edible. Strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from fermented seeds and assessed for probiotic characteristics.

First Detection of Carbapenem-Resistant Strains Harbouring Beta-Lactamase Genes from Clinical Samples.

Recently discovered extraintestinal obtained from non-clinical samples has exhibited the potential for acquiring multiple beta-lactamase genes, just like many extraintestinal strains. Albeit, they are often omitted or classified as . This study aimed to, therefore, identify carbapenem-resistant extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing isolates from clinical samples, determine their evolutionary relatedness using 16S rRNA sequencing analysis and screen for beta-lactamase genes.

Molecular characterization of the circulating strains of Vibrio cholerae during 2010 cholera outbreak in Nigeria.

This study aimed at characterizing the phenotypic and toxigenic status of circulating strains of cholera during outbreaks in Nigeria, employing molecular typing techniques. Two hundred and one samples of rectal swabs, stool, vomitus, water (from the well, borehole, sachet, stream, and tap) and disinfectants (sodium hypochlorite) were collected from three states in the country. The samples were inoculated on thiosulphate-citrate bile salt-sucrose (TCBS), Cary-Blair transport medium and smeared on glass slides for direct examination.

An assessment of the emergency response among health workers involved in the 2010 cholera outbreak in northern Nigeria.

Background: The 2010 cholera outbreak in northern Nigeria affected over 40,000 people, with a case fatality rate (CFR) of ≥3.75%. We assessed the emergency response of health care workers (HCWs) involved in case management.

Molecular characterization of Salmonella spp directly from snack and food commonly sold in Lagos, Nigeria.

Food borne Salmonella infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. A total of 200 food samples commonly sold in Lagos, Nigeria comprising raw and cooked meat as well as meat products and spoilt meat were analysed for the presence of Salmonella spp using REVEAL serology kit, culture methods employing RPVA (Rappaport Vassiliadis agar), SSA (Salmonella-Shigella agar) and BSA (brilliant sulphite agar) and PCR method for direct detection from samples using primer salm3/4 and ST11/ST15 sets. Using the REVEAL serology kit, 74% of the samples were positive for Salmonella spp, while culture methods showed only 19% to be Salmonella spp.

Application of a point-of-care test for the serodiagnosis of typhoid fever in Nigeria and the need for improved diagnostics.

Introduction: There is an urgent need for affordable point-of-care diagnostics for the differentiation of febrile illnesses and the confirmation of typhoid in endemic countries.

Methodology: Blood samples were collected from febrile patients with clinical suspicion of typhoid and screened for typhoid fever using the Widal and Typhi Dri Dot tests, while stool and blood samples were screened for Salmonella Typhi using the culture method as well as PCR as a confirmatory test.

Results: A high proportion of febrile patients from Lagos with clinical suspicion of typhoid fever reacted positively in a simple and rapid latex agglutination assay for typhoid fever, indicating that this illness is a common and presumably under-diagnosed health problem in this metropolis.

Comparison of PCR with other diagnostic techniques for the detection of H. pylori infection in patients presenting with gastroduodenal symptons in Nigeria.

The study was aimed at comparing PCR methods of direct detection from biopsy using the boiling method and one other method with two known gold standards (histology and CLO test) for the diagnosis of H. pylori in Nigeria. A total of 168 biopsies (three from antrum and one from corpus each) were taken from 42 patients presenting with various gastroduodenal symptons after informed consent was obtained from them.