The Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Methanolic Extract, Fractions, and Isolated Compounds from Baker f. (Fabaceae).

Inflammation is a natural body's defense mechanism against harmful stimuli such as pathogens, chemicals, or irradiation. But when the inflammatory response becomes permanent, it can lead to serious health problems. In the present study, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of the methanolic extract (EMME), as well as its isolated fractions (FA-FJ) and compounds (-), were evaluated by using in vitro and cellular models.

Insight into the molecular mechanism of anti-breast cancer therapeutic potential of substituted salicylidene-based compounds using cell-based assays and molecular docking studies.

Targeting oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling pathways is an effective cancer prevention and therapy approach. The mechanism of action of synthesized salicylidene-based compounds was investigated in regulating key molecular targets of breast cancer development. Compounds (1), (4), (5), and (7) were found to be more cytotoxic to MCF-7 and 4T1 cells compared to non-cancerous Chang liver cells, while these compounds were cytotoxic to MDA-MB-231 cells, but with poor selectivity.

Epicatechin Isolated from Sonn. (Litchi) Fruit Peel Ethyl Acetate Extract Modulated Glucose Uptake in Chang Cells and Suppressed ROS Production in RAW 264.7 Macrophages.

Bioactive flavonoid epicatechin has been reported in the peel of litchi fruit but isolated from its hydroalcoholic extracts. This study isolated epicatechin with cellular glucose uptake modulatory and ROS production inhibitory properties from the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract using a bioassay-guided approach. The fruit peel was defatted with hexane and sequentially extracted using dichloromethane (DCM), EtOAc, methanol (MeOH) and water.

Investigating the Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Potentials of (Hochst.) Kuntze Extract against Some Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Molecular Markers.

Oxidative stress is a key factor that activates several transcription factors and mediators involved in the inflammatory pathways responsible for the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases. Targeting the expression of these mediators represents a promising approach to preventing these diseases. leaf infusion is traditionally used for treating conditions such as inflammation and pain relief.

Unravelling the Influence of Chlorogenic Acid on the Antioxidant Phytochemistry of Avocado ( Mill.) Fruit Peel.

Oxidative stress is pivotal in the pathology of many diseases. This study investigated the antioxidant phytochemistry of avocado ( Mill.) peel.

Phytoconstituents of Prain Prevent Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Regulate the Expression of Inflammatory Mediators in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages.

According to a survey, the medicinal use of Prain is kept secret by traditional healers. Considering that inflammation and oxidative stress are major risk factors for the progression of various chronic diseases and disorders, we resolved to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of using in vitro and cell-based assays. The antioxidant activity of hydroethanolic leaf extract (AJHLE) was evaluated using the ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays.

Bioactive Fractions Isolated from Harungana madagascariensis Lam. and Psorospermum aurantiacum Engl. Regulate Collagen and Melanin Biosynthesis Gene Expression in UVB-Irradiated Cells with Additional Anti-Inflammatory Potential.

Background: Harungana madagascariensis (HM) and Psorospermum aurantiacum (PA), used traditionally for skin care, have been reported to upregulate the expression of intracellular antioxidant genes, thereby preventing melanoma and protecting fibroblast cell lines from Ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced intracellular oxidative stress.

Aims: This investigation aimed to identify major compounds in bioactive fractions using bioassay- guided fractionation.

Methods: The anti-inflammatory effect of fractions was determined by measuring their inhibitory activity on 15-lipoxygenase and nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.

antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory effects and molecular docking studies of natural compounds isolated from (Hua ex Pobég).

(Hua ex Pobég) is used in folk medicine to treat oxidative-stress related diseases, thereby warranting the investigation of its anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. In our previous study, the leaf extract of induced significant cytotoxic effect against several cancerous cells with high selectivity indexes towards non-cancerous cells. The current study aims to isolate natural compounds from , and to evaluate their cytotoxicity, selectivity and anti-inflammatory effects as well as searching for potential target proteins of bioactive compounds.

In Vitro Filaricidal Properties of Hydro-Methanolic Extracts of Powdery Fractions of Khaya senegalensis (Meliaceae) on Onchocerca ochengi.

Purpose: Onchocerciasis is a neglected tropical disease that remains endemic in sub-Saharan African countries. Unfortunately, only a few microfilaricidal agents have been approved so far. This study aimed to assess the in vitro macro and microfilaricidal potentialities of the hydro-methanolic extracts of the different powdery fractions of Khaya senegalensis against Onchocerca ochengi.

In vitro antioxidant activity of crude extracts of Harpagophytum zeyheri and their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity activity compared with diclofenac.

Background: This study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant activity and comparison of anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity of Harpagopytum zeyheri with diclofenac.

Methods: In vitro assays were conducted using water, ethanol, and ethyl acetate extracts of H.zeyheri.

Investigation of anthelmintic activity of the acetone extract and constituents of Typha capensis against animal parasitic Haemonchus contortus and free-living Caenorhabditis elegans.

This study aimed to determine in vitro anthelmintic activity of plant extracts of eleven plant species used traditionally in South Africa to treat various disorders including symptoms related to nematode infections, and to isolate bioactive compounds from the most active plant extract. Crude plant extracts were tested on different life-cycle stages of Haemonchus contortus. The cytotoxicity of the most active extracts, fractions and compounds was evaluated on Vero cells and the most potent extract, fractions and compounds were tested for their ability to kill the parasitic H.

Asperpyrone, a rare -pyrone metabolite produced by an endophytic fungus sp. isolated from (Planch. & Triana) Oliv.

A new -pyrone, asperpyrone () and two known compounds, stigmasterol () and 7-hydroxy-3-(2,3-dihydroxybutyl)-1(3)-Isobenzofuranone () were isolated from the solid rice culture of the endophytic fungus sp., an endophytic fungus isolated from the fresh inner tissue of the barks of . Their structures were determined by extensive spectral analysis including 1 D and 2 D NMR, HRESIMS and single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis.

Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Rumph. ex A. Juss. (Euphorbiaceae): An overview of its botanical diversity, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological effects and perspectives towards developing its plant-based products.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Codiaeum variegatum also called miracle shrub, is a plant species constituted of more than 300 cultivars which are mostly used as indoor plants for decoration. However, some of these varieties are used by indigenous populations for the treatment of diarrhoea, stomach ache, external wounds, intestinal worms and ulcers.

Aim Of The Study: This study describes an overview of the botanical diversity, medicinal uses, phytochemical composition of C.

Salinomycin promotes T-cell proliferation by inhibiting the expression and enzymatic activity of immunosuppressive indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase in human breast cancer cells.

Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) is upregulated in many tumor types, including breast cancer, and plays a reputable role in promoting tumor immune tolerance. The importance of the immunosuppressive mechanism of IDO by suppressing T-cell function has garnered profound interest in the development of clinical IDO inhibitors. Herein, we established a screening method with cervical HeLa cells to induce IDO expression using interferon-γ (IFN-γ).

Selective cytotoxic activity of isolated compounds from Globimetula dinklagei and Phragmanthera capitata (Loranthaceae).

This study aimed to evaluate the selective cytotoxicity of six natural compounds on four cancerous cells (MCF-7, HeLa, Caco-2 and A549) and two normal intestinal and lung cells (Hs1.Int and Wl-38) cells. We also attempted to analyze basically the structure-activity relationships and to understand the mechanism of action of active compounds using the Caspase-Glo® 3/7 kit.

A new cytotoxic indole alkaloid from stapf.

One new indole alkaloid derivative, 5,6-dioxo-11-hydroxy voacangine () together with four known compounds (-), were isolated from the fruits of Stapf (Apocynaceae). Their structures were determined using 1D and 2D NMR, HRESI-MS, and a comparison with the literature. The new compound was found to be cytotoxic on human breast cancer MDA-MB 231 cells with IC values of 3.

4,6-Substituted-1H-Indazoles as potent IDO1/TDO dual inhibitors.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) are constitutively overexpressed in many types of cancer cells and exert important immunosuppressive functions. In this article, a series of 4,6-substituted-1H-indazole derivatives were synthesized and evaluated the inhibitory activities against IDO1 and TDO, as well as their structure-activity relationships (SARs). Among these, compound 35 displayed the most IDO1 inhibitory potency with an IC value of 0.

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of leaf extracts of eleven South African medicinal plants used traditionally to treat inflammation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Inflammation is a complex mechanism employed by the body to promote healing and restoration to normal function in the event of injury. Eleven plant species were selected in this study based on their use in traditional medicine against inflammation in South Africa.

Methods: Hexane, acetone, ethanol, methanol and water extracts of the powdered plants were prepared and a total of fifty-five extracts were tested for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.

Inhibition of TPL2 by interferon-α suppresses bladder cancer through activation of PDE4D.

Background: Drugs that inhibit the MEK/ERK pathway have therapeutic benefit in bladder cancer treatment but responses vary with patients, for reasons that are still not very clear. Interferon-α (IFN-α) is also used as a therapeutic agent for bladder cancer treatment but the response rate is low. It was found that IFN-α could enhance the cytotoxic effect of MEK inhibition.

Croton gratissimus leaf extracts inhibit cancer cell growth by inducing caspase 3/7 activation with additional anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.

Background: Croton species (Euphorbiaceae) are distributed in different parts of the world, and are used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments including cancer, inflammation, parasitic infections and oxidative stress related diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic properties of different extracts from three Croton species.

Methods: Acetone, ethanol and water leaf extracts from C.

The use of liver slices from the Cape vulture (Gyps coprotheres) to better understand the role of liver toxicity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in vultures.

Diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) was responsible for the death of millions of vultures on the Asian subcontinent, following the consumption of diclofenac contaminated carcasses. The aim of this research was to establish if liver slices could serve as an alternate means of predicting the toxicity of NSAIDs in Gyps vultures. The Cape vulture liver slices was prepared and incubated with four NSAIDs for 6 h.

Lambertellin from Pycnoporus sanguineus MUCL 51321 and its anti-inflammatory effect via modulation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.

Lambertellin (1) and ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol (2) were isolated from the solid rice fermentation of the plant pathogenic fungus Pycnoporus sanguineus MUCL 51321. Their structures were elucidated using comprehensive spectroscopic methods. The isolated compounds were tested on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.

Phytochemical analysis with free radical scavenging, nitric oxide inhibition and antiproliferative activity of Sarcocephalus pobeguinii extracts.

Background: Free radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diverse metabolic disorders including cancer. Therefore, fighting against free radicals has become an important strategy in the prevention or treatment of such diseases, in addition to direct or indirect anticancer chemotherapy. Sarcocephalus pobeguinii has been used traditionally to treat various diseases in which excess production of free radicals is implicated, warranting investigation of its free radical scavenging, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity.

In vitro genotoxic and mutagenic evaluation of the aqueous extract of Codiaeum variegatum and its amoebicidal sub-fraction.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Codiaeum variegatum, grown in many varieties, has been widely used as a houseplant based on its brightly decorative foliage. In addition, a variety of this plant has been used for a long time against bloody diarrhea by the local population in Cameroon.

Aim Of The Study: In our previous study, the aqueous extract of this plant and an isolated sub-fraction exhibited significant anti-amoebic activity on axenic culture of Entamoeba histolytica.