Survival Outcomes and Disparities in Surgery Refusal for Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Background/aim: Surgery is the cornerstone of treatment for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), yet some patients refuse surgery, which may impact their survival outcomes. Understanding factors associated with surgery refusal could inform interventions to improve acceptance of recommended care.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated the impact of surgery refusal on overall survival (OS) and identified associated demographic and clinical factors using data on patients with PTC from the National Cancer Database from 2004 to 2019.

Expression of c-erb-B2 oncoprotein as a neoantigen strategy to repurpose anti-neu antibody therapy in a model of melanoma.

In this study, we tested a novel approach of "repurposing" a biomarker typically associated with breast cancer for use in melanoma. HER2/neu is a well characterized biomarker in breast cancer for which effective anti-HER2/neu therapies are readily available. We constructed a lentivirus encoding c-erb-B2, an animal (rat) homolog to HER2/neu.

Disparities in time to treatment initiation for rectal cancer patients: an analysis of demographic and socioeconomic factors.

Background: This study investigated demographic and socioeconomic factors contributing to disparities in the time to treatment for rectal cancer. Subgroup analysis based on age < 50 and ≥ 50 was performed to identify differences in time to treatment among young adults (age < 50) compared to older adults with rectal cancer.

Methods: An analysis was performed using data from the National Cancer Database, spanning from 2004 to 2019.

Expression of c-erb-B2 oncoprotein as a neoantigen strategy to repurpose anti-neu antibody therapy in a model of melanoma.

In this study, we tested a novel approach of "repurposing" a biomarker typically associated with breast cancer for use in melanoma. HER2/neu is a well characterized biomarker in breast cancer for which effective anti-HER2/neu therapies are readily available. We constructed a lentivirus encoding c-erb-B2 (the animal homolog to HER2/neu).

Liposomal Phenylephrine Nanoparticles Enhance the Antitumor Activity of Intratumoral Chemotherapy in a Preclinical Model of Melanoma.

Intratumoral injection of anticancer agents has limited efficacy and is not routinely used for most cancers. In this study, we aimed to improve the efficacy of intratumoral chemotherapy using a novel approach comprising peri-tumoral injection of sustained-release liposomal nanoparticles containing phenylephrine, which is a potent vasoconstrictor. Using a preclinical model of melanoma, we have previously shown that systemically administered (intravenous) phenylephrine could transiently shunt blood flow to the tumor at the time of drug delivery, which in turn improved antitumor responses.

Effect of low-level creatinine clearance on short-term postoperative complications in patients with colorectal cancer.

Background: Renal function is closely related to cancer prognosis. Since preoperative renal insufficiency has been identified as a risk factor for postoperative complications, this study aimed to investigate the effect of preoperative creatinine clearance rate (CrCl) on short-term prognosis of patients undergoing colorectal surgery.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of the electronic health records of 526 adult patients who underwent elective colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery from September 2014 to February 2019 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.

Human intravital microscopy in the study of sarcomas: an early trial of feasibility.

Unlabelled: Sarcomas comprise a vast and heterogenous group of rare tumors. Because of their diversity, it is challenging to study sarcomas as a whole with regard to their biological and molecular characteristics. This diverse set of tumors may also possess differences related to their tumor-associated vasculature, which in turn may impact the ability to deliver systemic therapies (e.

Geographic and Demographic Disparities in Colorectal Cancer: A National Cancer Database Analysis.

Background And Objectives: Area of residence may adversely affect survival and outcomes in many cancers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of geographical and demographic disparities on survival of patients with colorectal cancer.

Materials And Methods: Data were obtained from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) colon, rectosigmoid, and rectal datasets.

Liquid biopsies for colorectal cancer: a narrative review of ongoing clinical trials and the current use of this technology at a comprehensive cancer center.

Objective: In this review, we summarize ongoing clinical trials involving liquid biopsies (LB) for colorectal cancer (CRC), outlining the current landscape and the future implementation of this technology. We also describe the current use of LB in CRC treatment at our institution, the Mayo Clinic Enterprise.

Background: The use of LB in CRC treatment merits close attention.

Outcomes of patients with invasive mucinous and tubular carcinomas of the breast.

Invasive tubular carcinoma (ITC) and invasive mucinous carcinoma (IMC) of the breast are rare histologic subtypes of breast cancer associated with favorable prognoses. The aim of our study was to investigate the outcomes for these rare subtypes using the National Cancer Database. Female patients diagnosed with ITC or IMC between 2005 and 2014 were analyzed.

Skin cancer in non-white liver transplant recipients: Mayo Clinic experience.

Background: Limited data are available on the development of skin cancer and the associated risk factors for non-White liver transplant (LT) recipients. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of newly diagnosed skin cancer postoperatively and to identify the risk factors for the development of skin cancer in non-White LT recipients.

Methods: We conducted an initial retrospective chart review of non-White LT patients who received a transplant at our center between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2013.

A pilot trial of intravital microscopy in the study of the tumor vasculature of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Aberrancies in the tumor microvasculature limit the systemic delivery of anticancer agents, which impedes tumor response. Using human intravital microscopy (HIVM), we hypothesized that HIVM would be feasible in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). During cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for PC, HIVM was performed in both tumor and non-tumor areas.

Comparative Analysis of Acral Melanoma in Chinese and Caucasian Patients.

Background: Acral melanoma (AM) is a rare subtype of melanoma, which is one of the least common in Caucasian patients but is a common subtype of melanoma in Chinese patients. It is unclear if prognosis differs between Chinese and Caucasian patients diagnosed with AM. The aim of our study is to investigate patient characteristics and survival differences between Chinese and Caucasian AM patients.

Dynamic control of tumor vasculature improves antitumor responses in a regional model of melanoma.

Despite advances in therapy for melanoma, heterogeneous responses with limited durability represent a major gap in treatment outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether alteration in tumor blood flow could augment drug delivery and improve antitumor responses in a regional model of melanoma. This approach to altering tumor blood flow was termed "dynamic control.

Completion lymph node dissection in patients with sentinel lymph node positive cutaneous head and neck melanoma.

Background: Relatively few cutaneous head and neck melanoma (CHNM) patients with were included in the multicenter selective lymphadenectomy trial II (MSLT-II). Our objective was to investigate whether immediate completion lymph node dissection completion of lymph node dissection (CLND) was associated with survival benefit for sentinel lymph node (SLN) positive CHNM using the National Cancer Database.

Methods: SLN positive patients with CHNM from 2012 to 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.

Residual Tumor on Wide Excisional Margins After Treatment of Invasive Melanoma.

Background/aim: The surgical management of invasive melanoma has been debated for many years and recommended excisional margins have been established. We aimed to describe the factors and survival related to the presence of residual tumor in patients with invasive melanoma lymph nodes negative.

Patients And Methods: We performed a retrospective study by querying the National Cancer Database from 2004 to 2015.

Intraoperative fluid restriction in hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Background: Multiple studies highlight the importance of liberal fluid administration in cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Over-resuscitation can delay recovery and wound healing. We report an intraoperative protocol that restricts fluid administration and minimizes morbidity.

A novel anesthesiologist-led multidisciplinary model for evaluating high-risk surgical patients at a comprehensive cancer center.

The objective of this retrospective analysis was to describe the development and implementation of an anesthesiologist-led multidisciplinary committee to evaluate high-risk surgical patients in order to improve surgical appropriateness. The study was conducted in an anesthesia preoperative evaluation clinic at an academic comprehensive cancer center. One hundred sixty-seven high-risk surgical patients with cancer-related diagnoses were evaluated and discussed at a High-Risk Committee (HRC) meeting to determine surgical appropriateness and optimize perioperative care.

Intravital microscopy in the study of the tumor microenvironment: from bench to human application.

Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a dynamic imaging modality that allows for the real time observation of biologic processes , including angiogenesis and immune cell interactions. In the setting of preclinical cancer models, IVM has facilitated an understanding of the tumor associated vasculature and the role of effector immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Novel approaches to apply IVM to human malignancies have thus far focused on cancer diagnosis and tumor vessel characterization, but have the potential to provide advances in the field of personalized medicine by identifying individual patients who may respond to systemically delivered chemotherapeutic drugs or immunotherapeutic agents.

Overexpression of suppressive microRNAs, miR-30a and miR-200c are associated with improved survival of breast cancer patients.

Some microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to suppress breast cancer. However, whether the expressions of these tumor suppressive miRNAs translate to patient survival were not investigated in large cohort. Nine miRNAs (miR-30a, miR-30c, miR-31, miR-126, miR-140, miR-146b, miR-200c, miR-206, and miR-335) known to be tumor suppressive miRNAs in breast cancer were investigated in Genomic Data Common data portal miRNA-Seq dataset and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (n = 1052).

Novel mouse models of hepatic artery infusion.

Background: The liver has unique anatomy in that most blood flow to normal hepatocytes is derived from the portal venous system, whereas liver tumors obtain their nutrient blood supply exclusively from the hepatic artery. The focused arterial delivery of anticancer agents to liver tumors has been performed for decades; however, preclinical models to standardize drug regimens and examine novel agents have been lacking. The purpose of this study was to establish preclinical hepatic artery infusion (HAI) models in a mouse and to evaluate the safety and delivery capability of the models.