[Digital twins in healthcare: State of the art and potential use cases in a hospital setting].

The field of modeling and simulation including digital twins (DT) is getting a lot of traction in the health sector, with various benefits being outlined. Indeed, DT are designed to support the transformation of healthcare, ranging from the medical act itself to the organization of healthcare systems and hospitals, also including medical research. However, the technology is still in its infancy and needs to be evaluated according to medical standards.

Modelling monotonic effects of ordinal predictors in Bayesian regression models.

Ordinal predictors are commonly used in regression models. They are often incorrectly treated as either nominal or metric, thus under- or overestimating the information contained. Such practices may lead to worse inference and predictions compared to methods which are specifically designed for this purpose.

Meta-analytic estimation of measurement variability and assessment of its impact on decision-making: the case of perioperative haemoglobin concentration monitoring.

Background: As a part of a larger Health Technology Assessment (HTA), the measurement error of a device used to monitor the hemoglobin concentration of a patient undergoing surgery, as well as its decision consequences, were to be estimated from published data.

Methods: A Bayesian hierarchical model of measurement error, allowing the meta-analytic estimation of both central and dispersion parameters (under the assumption of normality of measurement errors) is proposed and applied to published data; the resulting potential decision errors are deduced from this estimation. The same method is used to assess the impact of an initial calibration.

Randomized Clinical Trial of Intraosseous Methylprednisolone Injection for Acute Pulpitis Pain.

Introduction: The present study reports the results of a randomized clinical trial comparing local intraosseous methylprednisolone injection and emergency pulpotomy in the management of acute pulpitis on efficacy, safety, and efficiency end points.

Methods: After providing prior informed written consent, 94 patients consulting for acute irreversible pulpitis pain at university-affiliated teaching hospital dental clinics in Dakar, Senegal were randomly assigned to either the methylprednisolone treatment group (n = 47) or the pulpotomy treatment group (n = 47). Patients were followed up at 1 week and assessed 6 months later to evaluate the therapeutic outcome of their treatment.

Fully bioresorbable drug-eluting coronary scaffolds: A review.

Following the development of stents, then drug-eluting stents (DES), bioresorbable scaffolds are proposed as a third evolution in coronary angioplasty, aiming to reduce the incidence of restenosis and stent thrombosis and to restore vascular physiology. At least 16 such devices are currently under development, but published clinical data were available for only three of them in September 2014. The first device is Abbott's BVS(®), a poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA)-based everolimus-eluting device, which has been tested in a registry and two non-randomized trials.

Clinical study evaluating the effect of bevacizumab on the severity of zoledronic acid-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in cancer patients.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of bevacizumab (BVZ) on the severity of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in a cohort of cancer patients treated with intravenous zoledronic acid (ZA). We reviewed 42 oncologic patients with ONJ between 2007 and 2010. Only patients with solids tumors and who had received ZA were included.

Post-orthodontic intra- and interarch changes at 1 year: a retrospective study assessing the impact of anterior fixed retention.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate intra- and interarch changes over the year following active treatment appliance removal, and to analyze the impact of anterior fixed retention on these changes.

Patients And Methods: This study is based on casts taken at appliance removal (T1) and one year after removal (T2) in two groups of 15 privately-treated adolescent patients. One group received anterior fixed retention (G2), and the other did not (G1).