Core needle biopsy of benign, borderline and in-situ problematic lesions of the breast: Diagnosis, differential diagnosis and immunohistochemistry.

Core needle biopsy (CNB) is the most common sampling technique for the histologic evaluation of breast abnormalities. Diagnosing benign proliferative, borderline and some in-situ lesions in CNB is challenging and subject to a significant degree of interobserver variability. In addition, due to the inherent limitations of CNB, "upgrading" to a more significant pathology at excision is an important consideration for some lesions.

Computational pathology definitions, best practices, and recommendations for regulatory guidance: a white paper from the Digital Pathology Association.

In this white paper, experts from the Digital Pathology Association (DPA) define terminology and concepts in the emerging field of computational pathology, with a focus on its application to histology images analyzed together with their associated patient data to extract information. This review offers a historical perspective and describes the potential clinical benefits from research and applications in this field, as well as significant obstacles to adoption. Best practices for implementing computational pathology workflows are presented.

Invasive Breast Carcinoma Tumor Size on Core Needle Biopsy: Analysis of Practice Patterns and Effect on Final Pathologic Tumor Stage.

Introduction: In the absence of nodal metastasis, pathologic tumor (pT) size remains one of the most important factors in adjuvant treatment decisions and patient prognosis in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of core needle biopsy (CNB) tumor size on final pT stage.

Materials And Methods: Our information system was searched to identify all patients who underwent excisional procedures for invasive breast carcinoma from January 1 2014 to December 31, 2015.

Concurrent and mutations in melanoma of unknown origin presenting as a breast mass.

Background: Metastases represent a small percentage of the malignancies affecting the breast, and only 5% of melanomas originate from non-cutaneous sites. Multiple genetic aberrations have been associated with the development of melanocytic lesions, including V600E mutation. Mutations in gene have also been related to the pathogenesis of multiple malignancies.

P40 Immunostain Does Not Outperform p63 as a Myoepithelial Cell Marker in the Daily Practice of Breast Pathology.

P40 antibody has been shown to be a more specific squamous and basal cell marker compared with p63. As detection of myoepithelial cells (MECs) plays a critical role in breast pathology, and the fact that p40 targets an isoform of p63, this study was designed to compare these antibodies in a variety of lesions, especially those with an sclerotic stroma and carcinoma in situ. All studied lesions were selected from the daily cases of the 3 authors and stained with p63, p40, and calponin immunohistochemical stains.

Alchemy: A Web 2.0 Real-time Quality Assurance Platform for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and BK Virus Quantitation Assays.

Background: The molecular diagnostics laboratory faces the challenge of improving test turnaround time (TAT). Low and consistent TATs are of great clinical and regulatory importance, especially for molecular virology tests. Laboratory information systems (LISs) contain all the data elements necessary to do accurate quality assurance (QA) reporting of TAT and other measures, but these reports are in most cases still performed manually: a time-consuming and error-prone task.

Differential Gene Expression in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast Based on ERBB2 Status.

Background: The molecular signature of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in the breast is not well understood. Erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2 [formerly known as HER2/neu]) positivity in DCIS is predictive of coexistent early invasive breast carcinoma. The aim of this study is to identify the gene-expression signature profiles of estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR)-positive, ERBB2, and triple-negative subtypes of DCIS.

Expression of Basal-like Biomarkers in Triple Negative Invasive Breast Carcinoma in Puerto Rico.

Objective: Routine Progesterone and Estrogen hormone receptor proteins and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) analysis on invasive breast carcinomas provide therapeutic and prognostic values, revealing significant subgroups: luminal A, luminal B, HER-2 and the "triple negative" tumors. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of basal cytokeratins and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in "triple negative" invasive breast carcinomas in Puerto Rico women.

Methods: All invasive breast carcinoma cases received from 2008 to 2010 were included.

Poor cell block adequacy rate for molecular testing improved with the addition of Diff-Quik-stained smears: Need for better cell block processing.

Background: In the era of personalized medicine, requests for molecular testing of specimens obtained with minimally invasive procedures such as fine-needle aspiration have been increasing. Although cell blocks (CBs) are the recommended specimens for molecular testing, their performance has not been well analyzed. The objective of this study was to assess the frequency and types of samples deemed unsatisfactory for molecular testing (quantity not sufficient [QNS]).

Clinicopathological and molecular features of myeloid sarcoma as initial presentation of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms: a single institution experience.

Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) have a common origin in prior cytotoxic therapy and/or radiation. These neoplasms include therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome (t-MDS), and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (t-MDS/MPN). Myeloid sarcoma (MS), on the other hand, is a rare disease manifesting as an extramedullary collection of immature cells of myeloid lineage.