Non-contrast ultrasound assessment of blood flow in clinical practice.

Since the first clinical use of ultrasound in the 1940s, significant advancements have been made in its applications. Color Doppler imaging and power Doppler imaging are considered the first and second generations of flow ultrasound assessment tools, respectively. Subsequently, the introduction of contrastenhanced ultrasound has significantly improved the assessment of arterial and venous vascular patterns in lesions and vessels.

Complicated appendicitis in an adult patient.

Introduction: Appendicitis is a common cause for emergency operations in the western part of the world, mostly affecting children and young adults. Ultrasound in well-trained hands is an effective imaging tool in making this diagnosis; however, this does not come without its challenges and potential complications.

Case Report: This is a case of a 19-year-old male with one-day history of severe pain in the right iliac fossa; blood results showed raised inflammatory markers.

Appendicoliths, the little giants: A narrative review.

Objectives: This narrative review aims to collate the data in the existing literature on appendicoliths, by reviewing the available information on appendicoliths that have been previously reported in 24 publications, and providing the information in one article.

Key Findings: Appendicoliths are frequent culprits in causing luminal obstruction of the appendix, leading to appendicitis. They are calcified masses formed as a result of the aggregation of faecal particulates and inorganic salts within the lumen of the appendix.