Hyperglycaemic preterm neonates exhibit insulin resistance and low insulin production.

Objectives: To explore and compare the relationships between postmenstrual age (PMA), insulin, C-peptide and blood glucose concentrations (BGC) in hyperglycaemic and euglycaemic preterm neonates (PMA <30 weeks).

Design: Observational.

Setting: Dunedin Hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, New Zealand.

Herbal Medicines: challenges in the modern world. Part 5. status and current directions of complementary and alternative herbal medicine worldwide.

Herbal medicine (HM) use is growing worldwide. Single herb preparations, ethnic and modern HM formulations are widely used as adjunct therapies or to improve consumer wellbeing. Areas covered: This final part in the publication series summarizes common tendencies in HM use as adjunct or alternative medicine, education of healthcare professionals and consumers, current and proposed guidelines regulating of production.

Insulin resistance, glucagon-like peptide-1 and factors influencing glucose homeostasis in neonates.

Objectives: To explore the relationships between postmenstrual age (PMA), insulin, C-peptide, glucagon and blood glucose concentrations (BGCs) in preterm and term neonates. To compare glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations in fed versus never-fed neonates.

Design: Observational.

Haematocrit influences insulin concentration measurements in dried blood spots.

Introduction: A major barrier to conducting pharmacokinetic studies in neonates is the relatively large blood volume required by most assays. The use of dried blood spots (DBS) has potential to enable the use of smaller volumes and simplify sample processing and handling.

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of haematocrit on insulin concentrations from DBS.

Effect of gestational age and blood glucose on C-peptide excretion rate and clearance in neonates.

Aims: The aim of this study was to measure urinary C-peptide concentrations, and then calculate C-peptide clearance (Cl), and excretion rate (UER) in neonates. In addition, the effect of gestational age (GA) and blood glucose levels (BGL) on C-peptide UER were investigated.

Methods: Insulin concentrations in plasma and C-peptide concentrations were measured in plasma and urine, in 20 neonates.