A retrospective cohort study of the efficacy of metronidazole in oral lichen planus.

Lichen planus (LP) is an inflammatory dermatosis with mucosal variants, including oral LP (OLP). OLP has a relapsing chronic course and may significantly affect a patient's quality of life. We analysed the efficacy of metronidazole as a treatment for OLP via a retrospective chart review of patients with a diagnosis of OLP seen at our institution over 10 years.

Preoperative REM sleep is associated with complication development after colorectal surgery.

Background: While total sleep duration and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep duration have been associated with long-term mortality in non-surgical cohorts, the impact of preoperative sleep on postoperative outcomes has not been well studied.

Methods: In this secondary analysis of a prospective observational cohort study, patients who recorded at least 1 sleep episode using a consumer wearable device in the 7 days before elective colorectal surgery were included. 30-day postoperative outcomes among those who did and did not receive at least 6 h of total sleep, as well as those who did and did not receive at least 1 h of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, were compared.

Wearable technology and the association of perioperative activity level with 30-day readmission among patients undergoing major colorectal surgery.

Background: The proliferation of wearable technology presents a novel opportunity for perioperative activity monitoring; however, the association between perioperative activity level and readmission remains underexplored. This study sought to determine whether physical activity data captured by wearable technology before and after colorectal surgery can be used to predict 30-day readmission.

Methods: In this prospective observational cohort study of adults undergoing elective major colorectal surgery (January 2018 to February 2019) at a single institution, participants wore an activity monitor 30 days before and after surgery.

Cortical RORβ is required for layer 4 transcriptional identity and barrel integrity.

Retinoic acid-related orphan receptor beta (RORβ) is a transcription factor (TF) and marker of layer 4 (L4) neurons, which are distinctive both in transcriptional identity and the ability to form aggregates such as barrels in rodent somatosensory cortex. However, the relationship between transcriptional identity and L4 cytoarchitecture is largely unknown. We find RORβ is required in the cortex for L4 aggregation into barrels and thalamocortical afferent (TCA) segregation.

Preparedness Tested: Severe Cerebral Malaria Presenting as a High-Risk Person Under Investigation for Ebola Virus Disease at a US Hospital.

In 2019, a 42-year-old African man who works as an Ebola virus disease (EVD) researcher traveled from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), near an ongoing EVD epidemic, to Philadelphia and presented to the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Emergency Department with altered mental status, vomiting, diarrhea, and fever. He was classified as a "wet" person under investigation for EVD, and his arrival activated our hospital emergency management command center and bioresponse teams. He was found to be in septic shock with multisystem organ dysfunction, including circulatory dysfunction, encephalopathy, metabolic lactic acidosis, acute kidney injury, acute liver injury, and diffuse intravascular coagulation.

Wearable Technology in the Perioperative Period: Predicting Risk of Postoperative Complications in Patients Undergoing Elective Colorectal Surgery.

Background: The implementation of protocolized care pathways has resulted in major improvements in surgical outcomes. Additional gains will require focused efforts to alter preexisting risk. Prehabilitation programs provide a promising avenue for risk reduction.

An integrative analysis of regional gene expression profiles in the human brain.

Studies of the brain's transcriptome have become prominent in recent years, resulting in an accumulation of datasets with somewhat distinct attributes. These datasets, which are often analyzed only in isolation, also are often collected with divergent goals, which are reflected in their sampling properties. While many researchers have been interested in sampling gene expression in one or a few brain areas in a large number of subjects, recent efforts from the Allen Institute for Brain Sciences and others have focused instead on dense neuroanatomical sampling, necessarily limiting the number of individual donor brains studied.

Object-centered reference frames in depth as revealed by induced motion.

An object-centric reference frame is a spatial representation in which objects or their parts are coded relative to others. The existence of object-centric representations is supported by the phenomenon of induced motion, in which the motion of an inducer frame in a particular direction induces motion in the opposite direction in a target dot. We report on an experiment made with an induced motion display where a degree of slant is imparted to the inducer frame using either perspective or binocular disparity depth cues.

An informatics approach to integrating genetic and neurological data in speech and language neuroscience.

A number of heritable disorders impair the normal development of speech and language processes and occur in large numbers within the general population. While candidate genes and loci have been identified, the gap between genotype and phenotype is vast, limiting current understanding of the biology of normal and disordered processes. This gap exists not only in our scientific knowledge, but also in our research communities, where genetics researchers and speech, language, and cognitive scientists tend to operate independently.