Adult congenital heart disease and anesthesia: An educational review.

Prognosis has dramatically improved among children with congenital heart disease (CHD), and the median survival for severe CHD is currently 25 years (ie, into adulthood). However, additional cardiac surgeries are often necessary in adults with CHD, whose unique cardiovascular anatomy and physiology necessitate specialized management by experts in adult CHD (ACHD) during the perioperative period. ACHD is characterized by a combination of congenital cardiac lesions, intervention-related anomalies that have developed over time, comorbidities caused by long-standing CHD, and comorbidities related to various syndromes and lifestyle factors.

Noncardiac determinants of death and intensive care morbidity in adult congenital heart disease surgery.

Objectives: Predicting perioperative morbidity and mortality in cardiac surgery for adult congenital heart disease is challenging because it encompasses a wide spectrum of disease. There is a paucity of published outcome data, and there are no perioperative risk score calculators for this population group. We set out to identify robust determinants of morbidity and mortality in this patient population under going cardiac surgery.