Influence of endogenous and exogenous hormones on the cardiovascular response to lower extremity exercise and group III/IV activation in young females.

Oral contraceptive (OC) use can increase resting blood pressure (BP) in females as well as contribute to greater activation of group III/IV afferents during upper body exercise. It is unknown, however, whether an exaggerated BP response occurs during lower limb exercise in OC users. We sought to elucidate the group III/IV afferent activity-mediated BP and heart rate responses while performing lower extremity tasks during early and late follicular phases in young, healthy females.

Assessment of a Treadmill Speed Incline Conversion Chart: A Validation Study.

Purpose: To investigate the validity of a treadmill speed incline conversion chart using physiological and subjective measures.

Methods: Two groups of experienced runners (SLOW and FAST: divided based on their easy run pace) ran 6 speed incline combinations for 5 minutes each. Stages were equivalent according to the HillRunner.

Predictors of long-distance race performance in master runners.

Unlabelled: Peak aerobic power (V O) and parameters related to training are associated with long-distance running performance in master athletes. Running economy (RE) predicts performance in younger runners, but its relationship to racing ability in older athletes is unclear. Allometrically scaled RE (alloV O; ml kg min), energy cost (EC; kcal kg km), and percent of V O (%V O) required in a submaximal bout represent RE more accurately than V O does.

Foam rolling is an effective recovery tool in trained distance runners.

Purpose: Many endurance athletes use foam rolling (FR) to decrease muscle soreness, but it is unclear whether FR effectively treats soreness in this population. Moreover, the effects of FR in highly trained runners are unknown. The aim of this study was to use downhill running (DHR) to induce muscle soreness in runners and to determine the influence of FR on soreness and running performance when compared to sham compression tights.

Effects of marathon training on maximal aerobic capacity and running economy in experienced marathon runners.

Maximal aerobic capacity (VO) and running economy (RE) are markers of running performance. A valid evaluation of RE may occur through allometric scaling of body mass (alloVO; ml kg min), energy cost (EC; kcal kg km), or percent of VO (%VO). Little is known about physiological changes that occur in competitive runners over a marathon training cycle.

The relationships between age and running performance variables in master runners.

Purpose: Peak aerobic capacity (O) declines with age, but running economy (RE) may not. We evaluated O and RE in master runners and determined whether age is associated with these measures.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, runners completed two running tests within four weeks of a goal race of 10-26.