A cadaveric analysis of the efficacy of blind injections into the lateral pterygoid muscle.

Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are amongst the most common causes of orofacial pain. Hyperactivity of the lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) is associated with the pathological mechanisms associated with TMD. Botulinum Toxin-A (BTX) injections into the LPM can be used as a treatment for TMD; however, a lack of clinical standardisation for this procedure can lead to adverse outcomes, especially when using anatomical landmark-based approaches.

Nutritional Considerations of Irish Performance Dietitians and Nutritionists in Concussion Injury Management.

Sport-related concussion incidence has increased in many team-based sports, such as rugby, Gaelic (camogie, hurling, football), and hockey. Concussion disrupts athletes' brain function, causing an "energy crisis" that requires energy and nutrient support to restore function and heal. Performance dietitians and nutritionists play a role in supporting athletes' post-injury nutritional demands.

Nutritional interventions to support acute mTBI recovery.

Unlabelled: When mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) occurs following an impact on the head or body, the brain is disrupted leading to a series of metabolic events that may alter the brain's ability to function and repair itself. These changes may place increased nutritional demands on the body. Little is known on whether nutritional interventions are safe for patients to implement post mTBI and whether they may improve recovery outcomes.

An assessment of current concussion identification and diagnosis methods in sports settings: a systematic review.

Background: Concussion in sport is an ongoing global concern. The head injury assessment (HIA) by the field of play is acknowledged as the first step in recognising and identifying concussion. While previous systematic literature reviews have evaluated the sensitivity of side-line screening tools and assessment protocols, no systematic review has evaluated the research designs and assessments used in a field setting.