Successful use of intravenous and oral levetiracetam in a goat to control refractory seizures secondary to suspected polioencephalomalacia.

Objective: To assess the clinical efficacy and plasma concentrations of levetiracetam in a goat with seizures.

Animal: A 5-month-old doeling.

Clinical Presentation, Progression, And Procedures: The goat was referred because of progressive anorexia and lethargy over 3 days.

The Effect of Stirrup Iron Style on Normal Forces and Rider Position.

The stirrup iron has the potential to modify the forces experienced by a horse and rider during ridden exercise. A range of stirrup designs are available, but no previous studies have investigated if these modifications influence riders' position and interaction with the horse. Novel flexible (F) or flexible and rotatable (FR) irons versus traditional (T) stirrups may positively impact the welfare and performance of the horse and rider.

Investigation of the Effects of a Dietary Supplement on Insulin and Adipokine Concentrations in Equine Metabolic Syndrome/Insulin Dysregulation.

High insulin concentrations are a common clinical feature of equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) and insulin dysregulation. Hyperinsulinemia can induce laminitis, so reduction of insulin concentrations in response to an oral challenge should decrease risk. In human studies, diets containing a polyphenol (resveratrol) led to improvements in insulin sensitivity.