Individualized, cross-validated prediction of future dementia using cognitive assessments in people with mild cognitive symptoms.

Introduction: We aimed to develop an algorithm to predict the individualized risk of future dementia using brief cognitive tests suitable for primary care.

Methods: We included 612 participants with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) study, assessed for at least 4 years or until progression to dementia. A logistic regression model, using cognitive tests as predictors and dementia progression as an outcome, stratified participants into low, intermediate, or high risk.

Clinically Relevant Changes for Cognitive Outcomes in Preclinical and Prodromal Cognitive Stages: Implications for Clinical Alzheimer Trials.

Background And Objectives: Identifying a clinically meaningful change in cognitive test score is essential when using cognition as an outcome in clinical trials. This is especially relevant because clinical trials increasingly feature novel composites of cognitive tests. Our primary objective was to establish minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) for commonly used cognitive tests, using anchor-based and distribution-based methods, and our secondary objective was to investigate a composite cognitive measure that best predicts a minimal change in the Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB).

The age-related effect on cognitive performance in cognitively healthy elderly is mainly caused by underlying AD pathology or cerebrovascular lesions: implications for cutoffs regarding cognitive impairment.

Background: As research in treatments for neurocognitive diseases progresses, there is an increasing need to identify cognitive decline in the earliest stages of disease for initiation of treatment in addition to determining the efficacy of treatment. For early identification, accurate cognitive tests cutoff values for cognitive impairment are essential.

Methods: We conducted a study on 297 cognitively healthy elderly people from the BioFINDER study and created subgroups excluding people with signs of underlying neuropathology, i.

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment: Normative Data from a Large Swedish Population-Based Cohort.

Background: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) has a high sensitivity for detecting cognitive dysfunction. Swedish normative data does not exist and international norms are often derived from populations where cognitive impairment has not been screened for and not been thoroughly assessed to exclude subjects with dementia or mild cognitive impairment.

Objective: To establish norms for MoCA and develop a regression-based norm calculator based on a large, well-examined cohort.