LANCE: a Label-Free Live Apoptotic and Necrotic Cell Explorer Using Convolutional Neural Network Image Analysis.

Identifying and quantifying cell death is the basis for all cell death research. Current methods for obtaining these quantitative measurements rely on established biomarkers, yet the marker-based approach suffers from limited marker specificity, high cost of reagents, lengthy sample preparation, and fluorescence imaging. Based on the morphological difference, we developed a Live, Apoptotic, and Necrotic Cell Explorer (LANCE) to categorize cell death status in a label-free manner, by incorporating machine learning and image processing.