Endovascular closure of an arterivenous graft for dialysis-associated steal syndrome of lower extremity.

Steal syndrome causing limb ischemia is a rare but important complication of arteriovenous fistulas. When surgical or endovascular means to resolve ischemia are inconclusive, closure of the fistula becomes required. Our case presented with lower extremity ischemia resulting from an arteriovenous fistula graft.

A new and simple parameter for diagnosis pulmonary edema: Expiratory air humidity.

Purpose: Acute pulmonary edema is characterized by increased levels of fluid in the interstitial and alveolar space of the lung and requires emergency treatment. In acute pulmonary edema, the amount of fluid in the intra-alveolar, interstitial space, and pleural space vary considerably and this fluid will evaporate in different amounts compared to the physiological fluid. The aim of this study was to compare the humidity rates of expiratory air measured before and after pulmonary edema induced by α-naphthylthiourea (ANTU) in rats.

[C]bicarbonate labelled from hyperpolarized [1-C]pyruvate is an in vivo marker of hepatic gluconeogenesis in fasted state.

Hyperpolarized [1-C]pyruvate enables direct in vivo assessment of real-time liver enzymatic activities by C magnetic resonance. However, the technique usually requires the injection of a highly supraphysiological dose of pyruvate. We herein demonstrate that liver metabolism can be measured in vivo with hyperpolarized [1-C]pyruvate administered at two- to three-fold the basal plasma concentration.

The preventative effect of of Ro5-4864 (peripheral benzodiazepine receptor agonist) on spinal epidural fibrosis after laminectomy in a rat model.

Objective: To investigate the histopathological effects of a peripheral benzodiazepine receptor agonist (Ro5-4864) on epidural fibrosis (EF) in an experimental study model (post-laminectomy) in rats.

Methods: A total of 32 albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups (n = 8). In Group 1, no treatment was applied after laminectomy (control group).

Social media video analysis methodology for sarin exposure.

As social media becomes increasingly ubiquitous, many events are recorded and released on social media platforms, including chemical weapon attacks. We develop an objective tool in order to evaluate brief and unstructured social media videos for analysing sarin exposure from a civilian medical pathology perspective. We developed and validated this new questionnaire using a standardized procedure that includes content domain specification, item pool generation, content validity evaluation, a pilot study, and assessment of reliability and validity.

The potential of Raman and FT-IR spectroscopic methods for the detection of chlorine in human nail samples.

Although chlorine (Cl2) has been used as a chemical warfare agent since World War I there is no known specific and reliable biomarker to indicate the presence of chlorine. We distinguished chlorinated human nails from unchlorinated ones using Raman spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy. This research was carried out between October 2018 and July 2019 on two nail samples taken from 55 male and 104 female volunteers.

Noninvasive rapid detection of metabolic adaptation in activated human T lymphocytes by hyperpolarized C magnetic resonance.

The metabolic shift induced in human CD4 T lymphocytes by stimulation is characterized by an upregulation of glycolysis, leading to an augmentation in lactate production. This adaptation has already been highlighted with various techniques and reported in several previous studies. We herein propose a method to rapidly and noninvasively detect the associated increase in flux from pyruvate to lactate catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase using hyperpolarized C magnetic resonance, a technique which can be used for in vivo imaging.

Direct Monitoring of γ-Glutamyl Transpeptidase Activity In Vivo Using a Hyperpolarized (13) C-Labeled Molecular Probe.

The γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) enzyme plays a central role in glutathione homeostasis. Direct detection of GGT activity could provide critical information for the diagnosis of several pathologies. We propose a new molecular probe, γ-Glu-[1-(13) C]Gly, for monitoring GGT activity in vivo by hyperpolarized (HP) (13) C magnetic resonance (MR).

LRH-1-dependent programming of mitochondrial glutamine processing drives liver cancer.

Various tumors develop addiction to glutamine to support uncontrolled cell proliferation. Here we identify the nuclear receptor liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH-1) as a key regulator in the process of hepatic tumorigenesis through the coordination of a noncanonical glutamine pathway that is reliant on the mitochondrial and cytosolic transaminases glutamate pyruvate transaminase 2 (GPT2) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1 (GOT1), which fuel anabolic metabolism. In particular, we show that gain and loss of function of hepatic LRH-1 modulate the expression and activity of mitochondrial glutaminase 2 (GLS2), the first and rate-limiting step of this pathway.

High-field dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization of [1-(13)C]pyruvic acid.

[1-(13)C]pyruvate is the most widely used hyperpolarized metabolic magnetic resonance imaging agent. Using a custom-built 7.0 T polarizer operating at 1.

Current prevalence of goiter determined by ultrasonography and associated risk factors in a formerly iodine-deficient area of Turkey.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of goiter and related risk factors in an adult population in a formerly iodine-deficient area of Turkey. In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 2,500 subjects (1,270 women and 1,230 men, aged over 20 years) by multistage sampling. Blood and urine specimens were collected for the assessment of thyroid function.

Epilepsy prevalence in the 0-17 age group in trabzon, Turkey.

Objective: Epilepsy is a most common serious neurological disorder and is one of the world's most prevalent non-communicable diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of epilepsy in 0-17 year old children in Trabzon, Turkey.

Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological investigation was performed in two phases, a screening phase and a confirmation of the diagnosis phase.

Factors contributing to regular smoking in adolescents in Turkey.

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to determine the levels of lifetime cigarette use, daily use, and current use among young people (aged 15-19 years) and to examine the risk factors contributing to regular smoking.

Methods: The number of students was determined proportionately to the numbers of students in all the high schools in the province of Trabzon in Turkey. The data were gathered using the questionnaire method.

Two possible cases of Trichosporon infections in bone-marrow-transplanted children: the first case of T. japonicum isolated from clinical specimens.

Trichosporon spp. are emerging as opportunistic agents that cause systemic diseases in immunocompromised hosts. Trichosporonosis carries a poor prognosis in neutropenic patients.