Comparison of diagnoses made by dentistry students and by artificial intelligence dentists.

Objectives: The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) about great changes in the field of dentistry, but it has not yet been fully determined in which areas it will make a positive contribution to dentistry students. The objective of our study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of undergraduate students (fourth-year dentistry students [4DS] and final-year dentistry students [5DS]) and AI when examining panoramic radiographs.

Methods: Fifty panoramic radiographs and 1602 teeth were examined by 50 4DS who had not received a clinical practice internship, 50 5DS, and an AI application.

Food biodiversity and gastrointestinal cancer risk in nine European countries: Analysis within a prospective cohort study.

Background: Food biodiversity in human diets has potential co-benefits for both public health and sustainable food systems. However, current evidence on the potential relationship between food biodiversity and cancer risk, and particularly gastrointestinal cancers typically related to diet, remains limited. This study evaluated how dietary species richness (DSR) was associated with gastrointestinal cancer risk in a pan-European population.

The correlation between mothers' participation in infant care in the NICU and their anxiety and problem-solving skill levels in caregiving.

Objective: To examine the correlation between mothers' participation in infant care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and their anxiety and problem-solving skill levels in caregiving.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted with 340 mothers whose babies were in the NICU. Data were collected with a questionnaire, a Participation in Caregiving Observation Form, the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Problem-solving Skills Evaluation Form.

Oscillatory responses representing differential auditory processing in sleep.

The goal of the study was to investigate the contribution of the delta and theta responses to the peaks on the event-related potential waveform and specifically to find the possible cognitive correlates of these oscillatory responses in rapid eye movements (REM) sleep and Stage 2 (spindle sleep), Stage 3 (light sleep) and Stage 4 (deep sleep; slow wave sleep) of non-REM sleep. Data on overnight sleep was acquired from 12 healthy, young adult, volunteer males; those on awake stage were obtained from 19 matched males. Brain activity was obtained in response to auditory stimuli (2000 Hz deviant and 1000 Hz standard stimuli: 65 dB, 10 ms r/f time, 50 ms duration) under passive oddball paradigm in sleep, active and passive oddball (OB-a, OB-p, respectively) paradigms in wakefulness.

Early gamma response of sleep is sensory/perceptual in origin.

The goal of the study was to investigate the gamma response of the brain and its functional correlates in rapid eye movements (REM) sleep and the three stages of non-REM sleep. Data on overnight sleep were acquired from 16 healthy, young adult, volunteer males. Neuroelectric activity was recorded from seven recording sites (Fz, Cz, Pz, F3, F4, P3, P4) in response to auditory stimuli (2000 Hz deviant and 1000 Hz standard stimuli: 65 dB, 10 ms r/f time, 50 ms duration) under passive oddball paradigm.

Early time-locked gamma response and gender specificity.

The aim was to investigate whether gender is a causative factor in the gamma status according to which some individuals respond with time-locked, early gamma response, G+, while the others do not show this response, G-. The sample consisted of 42 volunteer participants (between 19 and 37 years of age with at least 9 years of education). There were 22 females and 20 males.

Time-frequency component analyser and its application to brain oscillatory activity.

Currently, event-related potential (ERP) signals are analysed in the time domain (ERP technique) or in the frequency domain (Fourier analysis and variants). In techniques of time-domain and frequency-domain analysis (short-time Fourier transform, wavelet transform) assumptions concerning linearity, stationarity, and templates are made about the brain signals. In the time-frequency component analyser (TFCA), the assumption is that the signal has one or more components with non-overlapping supports in the time-frequency plane.

Discrimination of brain's neuroelectric responses by a decision-making function.

The aim of this work was to develop a mathematical decision-making procedure that might become a basis for real-time pattern recognition studies of the brain's neuroelectric responses. Data were collected from 77 volunteers under the auditory oddball paradigm with standard (1000 Hz) and deviant (2000 Hz) stimuli. The participants counted the deviants and reported them at the end of the experimental session.