The Role of Hemogram-derived Ratios in COVID-19 Severity Stratification in a Primary Healthcare Facility.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause a wide clinical spectrum, ranging from asymptomatic to severe disease with a high mortality rate. In view of the current pandemic and the increasing influx of patients into healthcare facilities, there is a need to identify simple and reliable tools for stratifying patients.

Objective: Study aimed to analyze whether hemogram-derived ratios (HDRs) can be used to identify patients with a risk of developing a severe clinical form and admission to hospital.

Genetic diversity of and variants in East-Central and South European populations.

Background: CYP3A5 enzyme encoded by is important for drug metabolism in gut and liver, whereas P-glycoprotein by , is an ATP-dependent drug efflux pump which exports endo- and exogenous substances outside the cell.

Aim: The study was to assess the prevalence of alleles: *1, *2, *3, *4, *6 and *7, and C and T of in Poles, Belarusians and Bosnians and to compare it with the data reported from other European populations.

Subjects And Methods: Overall, 511 unrelated healthy subjects from Poland ( = 239), Belarus ( = 104) and Bosnia and Herzegovina ( = 168) were included in this study.

Resilience and Quality of Life of Patients with Breast Cancer.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. Modern research attempts to investigate the relationship between psychoemotional parameters and the length of survival of breast cancer patients. Understanding the factors which affect a higher level of resilience can have important clinical implications and can represent a guiding principle for designing psychological interventions that would accelerate recovery and improve the quality of life of cancer patients.

Peripheral 8-iso-PGF2α as a Biomarker in Bosnian Patients with Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia.

Background: Cerebrospinal levels of isoprostanes (IsoPs) have been established as biomarkers of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD). The value of peripheral levels in the diagnostics of these diseases is less conclusive. The aim of this study was to determine serum 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2alpha (8-iso-PGF2α) levels in Bosnian AD and VD patients and to establish whether there is an association between 8-iso-PGF2α serum concentration and cognitive impairment (CI) in patients with dementia.

Determinants of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the West Herzegovina Canton.

A study of COVID-19 infected patients was conducted regarding to organic and psychological characteristics. The findings of the study indicate that in the period of the pandemic in 2020, a total of 78 infection cases were confirmed in West Herzegovina Canton. Of the total number of infected, 55.

Cytogenetic Abnormalities Found in Patients with Reproductive Problems.

Introduction: One of the important causes of male infertility is aberration at the chromosomes.

Aim: The main purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and types of chromosomal aberration in infertile/sterile men whose samples were analyzed in the Center for Cytogenetics of Faculty of Medicine University of Sarajevo in the last four years.

Methods: A total of 353 infertile/sterile men, between the ages of 22-55 years, referred for cytogenetic analysis to the Center for Genetics of Faculty of Medicine during the period 2013-2016.

Serum Uric Acid Could Differentiate Acute Myocardial Infarction and Unstable Angina Pectoris in Hyperuricemic Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients.

Introduction: Serum uric acid (SUA) is the final product of purine metabolism in humans.

Aim: The present study aimed to identify a potential association between serum UA and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels and to find out whether uric acid could differentiate patients presenting with the acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and unstable angina pectoris (UAP) in hyperuricemic and normouricemic acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients.

Methods: Eighty ACS patients, aged 50-83 years, were enrolled in the study, 40 of them presenting with AMI and 40 with UAP.

Bosnian study of APOE distribution (BOSAD): a comparison with other European populations.

Background: The ε2, ε3 and ε4 alleles of APOE gene have been associated with several diseases in different populations. Data on the frequency of alleles are used in both a clinical and evolutionary context. Although the data on frequency of these alleles are numerous, there are no reports for the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Dilemma: Correlation Between Serum Level of Hepcidin and IL-6 in Anemic Myeloma Patients.

Introduction: Anemia occurs in 60% to 80 % of patients with newly diagnosed myeloma multiplex (MM). The cause of anemia in MM is probably multi factorial and involved among the others hepcidin and some cytokines, especially interleukine-6. Anemia in MM is one of the risk factor used in Durie-Salmon classification for staging and prognostic score.

Association of Parental Age and the Type of Down Syndrome on the Territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Background: Advanced paternal and/or maternal age is a classic risk factor for Down syndrome. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of Down syndrome types in children and its association with maternal and paternal age in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Subjects And Methods: The cross sectional, observational study included 127 children, 49 girls and 78 boys, aged 1-180 months suspected to have Down syndrome, admitted to the Centre for Genetics, Faculty of Medicine University of Sarajevo, for cytogenetic analysis and differential diagnosis of Down syndrome during the period from January 2010 to May 2015.

Renalase Gene rs2576178 Polymorphism in Hemodialysis Patients: Study in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Introduction: Renalase is a protein secreted in kidneys and considered as a blood pressure modulator. High rates of hypertension and its regulation in patients on hemodialysis demands search for potential cause and treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the genotype and allele frequencies of renalase gene rs2576178 polymorphism in population from Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Positive correlation between uric acid and C-reactive protein serum level in healthy individuals and patients with acute coronary syndromes.

Aim: To assess serum levels and correlation between uric acid (UA) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and apparently healthy individuals.

Methods: The cross-sectional study included 116 examinees of age 44 to 83 years, distributed in two groups: 80 ACS patients including 40 with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and 40 with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 36 apparently healthy (control group) individuals. Patients with ACS were hospitalized at the Cardiology Clinic, Clinical Centre Sarajevo in the period October- December 2012.

Prevalence of genetic prothrombotic risk factors: 1691G > A FV, 20210G > A PT and 677C > T MTHFR mutations in the Bosnian population.

Background: Venous thrombosis (VT) affects 1-2 out of 10(3) individuals each year. Mutations of 1691G > A FV gene, 20210G > A PT gene and 677C > T gene MTHFR are common in Europe and increase the risk of venous thrombosis. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on the prevalence of these mutations in the general population of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Association of mannose-binding lectin 2 (mbl2) gene heterogeneity and its serum concentration with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

The aim of the study was to detect prevalence of MBL2 exon 1 (codons 52, 54 and 57) genetic polymorphism in postmenopausal women in Bosnia and Herzegovina and its possible role as genetic risk factor for susceptibility to occurrence of osteoporosis in this study group. Also, we investigated association between MBL serum concentrations and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Genetic codons' variations were determined by PCR-RFLP and MBL in serum was measured by ELISA method in 75 postmenopausal women (37 with osteoporosis and 38 apparently healthy, non-osteoporotic women serving as a control).

B-type natriuretic peptide and adiponectin releases in rat model of myocardial damage induced by isoproterenol administration.

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and adiponectin play important role in the cardiovascular homeostasis regulation. We investigated BNP and adiponectin serum levels followed by isoproterenol (ISO) administration to rats and explored the relationship between them. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) blood level was used as biochemical evidence of myocardial damage development.

Prevalence of 1691G>A FV mutation in females from Bosnia and Herzegovina--a preliminary report.

Factor V is the liver-synthesized multidomain glycoprotein encoded by a gene localised on chromosome 1q23. The point mutation 1691G>A in this gene results in formation of an altered protein of V Factor resistant to activated protein C (APC) cleavage. This mutation alone is the most frequent cause of inborn thrombophilia and the most widely acknowledged genetic risk factor for venous thrombosis in a Caucasian population.

Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein and its relation with morphological changes in rat myocardial damage model induced by isoproterenol.

We have investigated heart type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) rat serum values at different time point following subcutaneous (s.c) isoproterenol (ISO) administration and their correlation with severity of myocardial lesion. Thirty adult, male, Wistar rats were used for this study.

Is γ-glutamyl transferase activity a potential marker of left ventricular function during early postmyocardial infarction period?

Aim: γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is an independent prognostic marker for cardiac death and reinfarction in patients with coronary artery disease, but its clinical significance during early postmyocardial infarction period is unclear.

Patients & Methods: This short-term prospective study included 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in whom we determined GGT activity, lipids, uric acid, homocysteine (Hcy), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and left ventricular (LV) function on admission and on day 5 following AMI.

Results: In AMI patients on admission, logGGT was associated with logHcy (r = 0.

Serum total antioxidant capacity in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). It is characterized by loss of myelin, the fatty tissue that surrounds and protects nerve fibres allowing them to conduct electrical impulses. Recent data indicate that oxidative stress (OS) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS).

Blood iron stores reduction affects lipoprotein status--a potential benefit of blood donation.

Aim: To determine the lipoprotein profile of voluntary blood donors, and on the basis of parameters to evaluate the risk of atherosclerosis.

Methods: The study included voluntary blood donors of both sexes. Participants were divided into two groups.

Time-dependent responses of rat troponin I and cardiac injury following isoproterenol administration.

Aim: To develop a rat model of myocardial infarction induced by isoproterenol (ISO). We investigated a type of histological myocardial changes and cardiac troponin I (TnI) kinetic.

Methods: The study has used adult, male, Wistar strain rats.

Association of homocysteine with traditional and non-traditional risk factors in patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease.

Aim: To assess the association between total homocysteine (tHcy) and traditional and nontraditional risk factors in patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 99 ASVD patients and 40 control subjects in whom we determined lipid profile, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), uric acid (UA) and tHcy.

Results: The median tHcy concentration was significantly higher in ASVD group compared to the controls ((18.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase gene polymorphism in patients receiving hemodialysis.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) is key enzyme in metabolism of homocysteine. Homozygotes for mutation (TT genotype) have hyperhomocysteinemia, risk factor for atherosclerosis development. The aim of the study was to find out distribution of genotype frequencies of C677T MTHFR among patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Polymorphism in methylentetra-hydrofolate reductase gene: important role in diseases.

It has been recognized that some people have a genetic variant which leads to elevated levels of homocysteine and impairs ability to process folate. This condition was recognized as independent risk factor of coronary heart disease. Recently, connection between this termolabile mutation of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and numerous conditions and diseases has been established.