Ocular Causes of Abnormal Head Position: Strabismus Clinic Data.

Objectives: To determine the most common ocular causes and types of abnormal head position (AHP) and describe their clinical features.

Materials And Methods: Patients with AHP who had been followed in the strabismus unit were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic features and orthoptic characteristics were recorded.

Effect of Visual Acuity on the Surgical Outcomes of Secondary Sensory Strabismus.

Objectives: To investigate the outcomes of secondary sensory strabismus surgery and to discuss the effect of visual acuity on success.

Materials And Methods: The medical records of patients with sensory strabismus who underwent recession-resection on the eye with vision loss were reviewed. Only patients with visual acuity of ≤0.

Clinical risk factors for the development of consecutive exotropia: a comparative clinical study.

Aim: To compare a group of patients with consecutive exotropia with patients who had ≤10 prism diopters (PD) esotropia or no deviation postoperatively in terms of probable clinical risk factors for the development of consecutive exotropia.

Methods: The study recruited fourteen patients who developed consecutive exodeviation during follow-up period after the correction of esotropia who were categorized as group 1 and thirty-one patients who had still ≤10 PD esotropia or no deviation at the final visit that were considered as group 2. Clinical risk factors leading the development of consecutive deviation were analyzed as the main outcome measures.

Strabismus surgery in congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles: a paradigm.

Background: Congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles (CFEOM) is a rare group of disorders with variable phenotypes that result from aberrant innervation to the EOMs leading to synergistic vertical and/or horizontal deviations. We report our experience with the surgical management of patients with CFEOM.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed the clinical findings, the surgical management, and outcomes of 52 consecutive CFEOM patients operated by one surgeon at a university hospital setting between 1993 and 2014.

Functional Amblyopia and Deficient Binocular Vision as Initial Clinical Features in Duane's Syndrome.

Purpose: To investigate and report the clinical characteristics at initial presentation in patients who had Duane Syndrome, especially binocular vision and functional amblyopia.

Methods: The medical files of patients with Duane's syndrome were reviewed. The main outcome measures of the study were the initial clinical characteristics including amblyopia and associated risk factors including deficiences of binocular vision.

Superior oblique surgery: when and how?

Background: The purpose of this paper is to review different types of superior oblique muscle surgeries, to describe the main areas in clinical practice where superior oblique surgery is required or preferred, and to discuss the preferred types of superior oblique surgery with respect to their clinical outcomes.

Methods: A consecutive nonrandomized retrospective series of patients who had undergone superior oblique muscle surgery as a single procedure were enrolled in the study. The diagnosis, clinical features, preoperative and postoperative vertical deviations in primary position, type of surgery, complications, and clinical outcomes were reviewed.

Bilateral choroidal detachment following cataract surgery in a 40-day-old infant.

We report a case of bilateral choroidal detachment that occurred shortly after uneventful bilateral lensectomy and anterior vitrectomy. B-scan ultrasonography showed severe choroidal detachment in the right eye accompanied by limited detachment of the overlying retina and mild choroidal effusion in the left eye. Two bilateral peribulbar injections of corticosteroid 5 days apart resulted in complete resolution of the choroidal effusion in each eye.

Late correction for blow-out sequelae: transposition of a longitudinally transected inferior rectus muscle.

A 45-year-old woman who had been operated for blow-out fracture, presented with a complaint of cosmetic concerns about her appearance. Orthoptic evaluation was notable for a left 35(∆) exotropia and 25(∆) hypertropia in primary position. Magnetic resonance imaging and the surgical exploration revealed a longitudinally transected left inferior rectus muscle.

Inferior oblique muscle weakening: is it possible to quantify its effects on horizontal deviations?

Objective. To evaluate and quantify the effect of inferior oblique muscle weakening on horizontal deviations. Methods.

Sequential presentation of bilateral Brown syndrome.

Brown syndrome, characterized by a limitation of elevation in adduction and positive forced duction testing, is usually unilateral but occurs bilaterally in 10% of all cases. It may present as a congenital condition in one eye and develop in the other eye with no apparent cause. We present a case of bilateral Brown syndrome in which the right eye became involved within 1 year of surgery on the left eye for congenital Brown syndrome.

An assessment of ocular morbidities of children born prematurely in early childhood.

Purpose: To assess the ocular morbidities of premature children in early childhood.

Methods: One hundred seventeen children with a history of gestational age of less than 37 weeks at birth underwent ophthalmic examination including visual acuity testing with Lea symbols, anterior and posterior segment examination, refraction, orthoptic examination for strabismus, and ocular biometry. They were subdivided into three groups according to gestational age (28 or less, 29 to 32, and 33 to 36 weeks).

Ocular motility disturbances after episcleral plaque brachytherapy for uveal melanoma.

Objective: To evaluate contributions of various factors in the development of strabismus after iodine-125 brachytherapy for uveal melanoma.

Methods: Twenty consecutive patients who underwent episcleral plaque brachytherapy for uveal melanoma underwent a full orthoptic examination before and after the surgery. Iodine-125 seeds at 5-mCi strengths were used with a mean total dose of 10.

Management of strabismus in nanophthalmic patients: a long-term follow-up report.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of strabismus that coexist with nanophthalmos and to report the results of strabismus surgery performed on these small eyes.

Design: Retrospective, consecutive, noncomparative interventional case series.

Participants: Fifteen bilateral nanophthalmic patients, of whom five underwent horizontal muscle surgery, were included in this study.

The reliability of grading the fixation preference test for the assessment of interocular visual acuity differences in patients with strabismus.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to test the reliability of the grading system of standard fixation preference testing compared with the logarithmic scale of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) interocular visual acuity difference of patients with manifest strabismus and to test the strength of association between the interocular visual acuity difference and the grade of alternation.

Methods: A total of 111 strabismic patients with large angle heterotropias (> 10 PD) were included in this study. The visual acuities of these patients were determined using the Snellen's, tumbling E, or Lea visual acuity charts as appropriate for the child's age and ability to cooperate.