Multivariate Models to Diagnose Early Referral-Warranted Retinopathy of Prematurity With Handheld Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to create multivariate models predicting early referral-warranted retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) using non-contact handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and demographic data.

Methods: Between July 2015 and February 2018, infants ≤1500 grams birth weight or ≤30 weeks gestational age from 2 academic neonatal intensive care units were eligible for this study. Infants were excluded if they were too unstable to participate in ophthalmologic examination (2), had inadequate image quality (20), or received prior ROP treatment (2).

Early life experience influences dispersal in coyotes ().

Natal dispersal plays an important role in connecting individual animal behavior with ecological processes at all levels of biological organization. As urban environments are rapidly increasing in extent and intensity, understanding how urbanization influences these long distance movements is critical for predicting the persistence of species and communities. There is considerable variation in the movement responses of individuals within a species, some of which is attributed to behavioral plasticity which interacts with experience to produce interindividual differences in behavior.

Dome-shaped macula in premature infants visualized by handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To describe dome-shaped macula and associated clinical findings in premature infants.

Methods: This prospective, observational cohort study included a consecutive sample of premature infants screened for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with 9-month follow-up. Handheld spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was performed at the time of ROP screening.

Progression From Soft Lens to Piggyback Soft-Scleral Contact Lens System to Facilitate Scleral Lens Use in a Pediatric Patient.

Traumatic injury in the pediatric population often results in significant refractive errors that if left untreated can lead to amblyopia. Scleral contact lenses (ScCLs) have recently gained popularity in this population for efficacy in treatment of significant refractive errors, including irregularity astigmatism and corneal abnormalities. Scleral contact lens intolerance may limit the ability of practitioners to use this modality.

Vitreous Findings by Handheld Spectral-Domain OCT Correlate with Retinopathy of Prematurity Severity.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and vitreous findings in premature infants detected by handheld spectral-domain (SD) OCT.

Design: Prospective, observational cohort study.

Participants: Consecutive sample of 92 premature infants requiring ROP screening at 2 academic neonatal intensive care units between July 2015 and March 2018.

Surgical outcomes of Glaucoma associated with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome.

Background: The surgical management of glaucoma associated with Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome (ARS) is poorly described in the literature. The goal of this study is to compare the effectiveness of various glaucoma surgeries on intraocular pressure (IOP) management in ARS.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study at a university hospital-based practice of patients diagnosed with ARS between 1973 and 2018.

Does sexual conflict increase juvenile survival by reducing cannibalism?

To test the hypothesis that male harassment of females reduces adult female time spent on the water foraging (water use), and thus cannibalism by adult females on juveniles, we manipulated heterospecific prey availability, and social context in adult water striders and measured their effects on: 1) cannibalism of juveniles, 2) activity of adults and 3) habitat use of adults and juveniles. Cannibalism rarely occurred with alternative prey present, but was common without alternative prey. Without alternative prey, females cannibalized much more than males, but contrary to predictions, male presence did not reduce cannibalism rates.

Bilateral cataract formation via acute spontaneous fracture of the lens following treatment of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome.

Purpose: Acute development of cataracts that may be transient is known to occur during correction of diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome. Nettleship in 1885 was the first to describe the presence of a transient cataract in three diabetic patients that grew worse and eventually cleared with treatment. We present a case of irreversible cataracts formed by nuclear fracture of the crystalline lens after hyperglycemia correction, an entity that has not yet been described.

Resident-performed laser peripheral iridotomy in primary angle closure, primary angle closure suspects, and primary angle closure glaucoma.

Purpose: To investigate the power use and complication frequency of resident-performed laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 196 eyes from 103 patients who underwent neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser iridotomy performed by resident physicians from January 1, 2010 through April 30, 2015 at a university-based county hospital was done. All patients were treated for primary angle closure, primary angle closure suspects, and primary angle closure glaucoma.

Rapid Associative Learning and Stable Long-Term Memory in the Squid Euprymna scolopes.

Learning and memory in cephalopod molluscs have received intensive study because of cephalopods' complex behavioral repertoire and relatively accessible nervous systems. While most of this research has been conducted using octopus and cuttlefish species, there has been relatively little work on squid. Euprymna scolopes Berry, 1913, a sepiolid squid, is a promising model for further exploration of cephalopod cognition.