Dysautonomia: an Explanation for the Medically Unexplained?

Objective: To identify dysautonomia as a collection of conditions with variable presentation that may be mistaken for medically unexplained symptoms.

Methods: Case series.

Results: Tilt table testing and 24 h electrocardiographic monitoring provided useful diagnostic tools to confirm the diagnosis.

Rising HbA1c in the presence of optimal glycaemic control as assessed by self-monitoring - iron deficiency anaemia.

HbA1c can be affected by determinants other than glucose and an awareness of this is important to avoid unnecessary hypoglycaemia.

Adrenal insufficiency due to the development of bilateral adrenal haemorrhage following hip replacement surgery.

Bilateral adrenal haemorrhage should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with non-specific symptoms and hypotension postoperatively.

Acute Transient Stress Induced Adrenal Hypertrophy and Adrenal Medullary Hyperactivity.

Objectives: drenal gland hypertrophy can be related to acute stress with abnormal adrenal function tests. It may not always need treatment.

Material And Methods: An acute presentation of adrenal gland hypertrophy following an abdominal emergency, with subsequent hypoadrenalism was investigated.