Population and hospital-level COVID-19 measures are associated with increased risk of hospital-onset COVID-19.

A review of hospital-onset COVID-19 cases revealed 8 definite, 106 probable, and 46 possible cases. Correlations between hospital-onset cases and both HCW and inpatient cases were noted in 2021. Rises in community measures were associated with rises in hospital-onset cases.

Reconnaissance of Oxygenic Denitrifiers in Agriculturally Impacted Soils.

Row crop production in the agricultural Midwest pollutes waterways with nitrate, and exacerbates climate change through increased emissions of nitrous oxide and methane. Oxygenic denitrification processes in agricultural soils mitigate nitrate and nitrous oxide pollution by short-circuiting the canonical pathway to avoid nitrous oxide formation. Furthermore, many oxygenic denitrifiers employ a nitric oxide dismutase () to create molecular oxygen that is used by methane monooxygenase to oxidize methane in otherwise anoxic soils.

The human antibody sequence space and structural design of the V, J regions, and CDRH3 with Rosetta.

The human adaptive immune response enables the targeting of epitopes on pathogens with high specificity. Infection with a pathogen induces somatic hyper-mutation and B-cell selection processes that govern the shape and diversity of the antibody sequence landscape. To date, even the largest immunome repertoires of adaptive immune receptors acquired by next-generation sequencing cannot fully capture the vast antibody sequence space of a single individual, which is estimated to be at least 10 potential sequences.

Structural basis for activation and gating of IP receptors.

A pivotal component of the calcium (Ca) signaling toolbox in cells is the inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP) receptor (IPR), which mediates Ca release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), controlling cytoplasmic and organellar Ca concentrations. IPRs are co-activated by IP and Ca, inhibited by Ca at high concentrations, and potentiated by ATP. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear.

A syndrome-based approach to antimicrobial stewardship in an Arizona skilled nursing facility-Moving the needle through quality improvement.

In 2015, an Arizona skilled nursing facility implemented an antibiotic stewardship protocol targeting unnecessary prescribing for suspect urinary tract infection. The protocol emphasized auditing of culturing and prescribing practices, feedback to prescribers, engagement of clinical staff, and educational in-services. Between Quarter 4 of 2014 (baseline) and Quarter 1 of 2017, urine culturing, days of antibiotic therapy for suspect urinary tract infection, and Clostridiodes difficile infections per 1,000 resident-days decreased by >50% with no urosepsis events.

Motility of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Allows for Nitrate Reduction in the Toxic Region of a Ciprofloxacin Concentration Gradient in a Microfluidic Reactor.

Subsurface environments often contain mixtures of contaminants in which the microbial degradation of one pollutant may be inhibited by the toxicity of another. Agricultural settings exemplify these complex environments, where antimicrobial leachates may inhibit nitrate bioreduction, and are the motivation to address this fundamental ecological response. In this study, a microfluidic reactor was fabricated to create diffusion-controlled concentration gradients of nitrate and ciprofloxacin under anoxic conditions in order to evaluate the ability of Shewanella oneidenisis MR-1 to reduce the former in the presence of the latter.

2018 American Society of Consultant Pharmacists Annual Meeting & Exhibition.

Poster abstracts are evaluated based on the following criteria: significance of the problem to healthy aging or medication management; innovativeness of ideas, methods, and/or approach; methodological rigor of methods and approach; presentation of finding; implications identified for future research, practice, and/or policy; and clarity of writing. Submissions are not evaluated through the peer-reviewed process used by . Industry support is indicated, where applicable.

Procedural Framework to Facilitate Hospital-Based Informed Consent for Dementia Research.

Improving quality and delivery of care for people with Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD) requires a comprehensive research agenda that encompasses the entire care continuum. Logistical and ethical challenges of informed consent for research participation of persons with ADRD include determination of capacity to consent, surrogate consent when capacity to consent is compromised, timely identification of the legally authorized representative (LAR) providing surrogate consent, and balancing residual autonomy with surrogate consent. Short stays; limited access to patients, caregivers, and LARs; and fluctuating influences of acute illness on capacity determination compound these challenges in the acute care setting.

Effect of a Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitor, UC1728, on LPS-Induced Uveitis in the Rabbit.

Cytochrome P450 epoxygenase isozymes convert free arachidonic acid into eicosanoids named epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) that have roles in regulating inflammation. EETs are rapidly converted to dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DiHETs) by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Little is known about the potential role of these metabolites in uveitis, but conversion of EETs to DiHETs could contribute to the inflammation.