Atypical presentations of congenital hemangiomas: Extending the clinical phenotype.

Background/objectives: Congenital hemangiomas (CH) are a group of benign vascular tumors that are present at birth and exhibit variable involution during infancy. Congenital hemangiomas that do not involute are typically solitary patch or plaque-type tumors that grow proportionally with somatic growth. We report a case series of 9 patients with persistent CH, which exhibited uncommon features including segmental involvement, recurrent or severe pain, or growth via volumetric increase in size or apparent increased extent of anatomic involvement over time.

Remission of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma in a pregnant woman after treatment with oral corticosteroids as monotherapy.

Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a rare form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma characterized by neoplastic α/β T cells infiltrating subcutaneous tissues in a lobular pattern. Few data support the optimal treatment regimen for patients, given the rarity of this condition, and even fewer data describe treatment when diagnosed during pregnancy. We describe a case of SPTCL in a pregnant patient who achieved clinical remission after treatment with corticosteroid monotherapy.

Adalimumab-Induced Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus in a 16-Year-Old Girl with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) antagonists are used in the treatment of numerous autoimmune conditions. Adalimumab is the first monoclonal antibody to TNF-α and is used to treat juvenile idiopathic arthritis. A growing body of literature associates anti-TNF-α therapies with several adverse dermatologic manifestations, including drug-induced lupus erythematosus (LE).

Vemurafenib-induced neutrophilic panniculitis in a child with a brainstem glioma.

Neutrophilic panniculitis is a rare adverse effect of therapy with selective BRAF inhibitors. We report a case of neutrophilic panniculitis in a 15-year-old girl receiving treatment with vemurafenib for a brainstem glioma. Clinicians should be aware of this rare but important side effect of vemurafenib.

Olanzapine causes a leptin-dependent increase in acetylcholine release in mouse prefrontal cortex.

Study Objectives: The atypical antipsychotic olanzapine is used effectively for treating symptoms of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Unwanted effects of olanzapine include slowing of the electroencephalogram (EEG) during wakefulness and increased circulating levels of leptin. The mechanisms underlying the desired and undesired effects of olanzapine are poorly understood.

Single-dose azithromycin prevents trichiasis recurrence following surgery: randomized trial in Ethiopia.

Background: Trichiasis recurrence following surgery is a serious problem for trachoma programs.

Objective: To determine if postoperative treatment with azithromycin compared with topical tetracycline reduces recurrence up to 1 year, and if azithromycin treatment of household members provides additional benefit compared with treating only the surgical patient.

Design: A randomized, single-masked, clinical trial was conducted in Ethiopia.

Surgery for Trichiasis, Antibiotics to prevent Recurrence (STAR) Clinical Trial methodology.

Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. Surgery is available to correct trichiasis, which results from repeated episodes of infection with C. trachomatis.

The incidence of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery among the U.S. Medicare population increased between 1994 and 2001.

Objective: To estimate the annual incidence rate of presumed endophthalmitis after cataract surgery, evaluate any changes in this rate over time, and examine demographic risk factors for endophthalmitis after cataract surgery.

Design: Population-based review of Medicare beneficiary claims data.

Data Source: Medicare 5% sample beneficiary data files for inpatient and outpatient claims from 1994 through 2001 were examined to identify all cataract surgeries and subsequent cases of presumed endophthalmitis after cataract surgery.

Pattern of recurrence of trachomatous trichiasis after surgery surgical technique as an explanation.

Objective: To evaluate the pattern of recurrence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) after bilamellar tarsal rotation surgery for trachoma.

Design: Observational cohort.

Participants: Three hundred eighty-four participants having at least 1 eye that had undergone a single TT surgery a minimum of 18 months before June 2001.

Risk factors for postsurgical trichiasis recurrence in a trachoma-endemic area.

Purpose: The World Health Organization recommends trichiasis surgery to prevent blindness caused by trachoma; however, recurrence is common. Risk factors for recurrence have not been widely studied, particularly in trachoma hyperendemic areas.

Methods: Three hundred ninety-four persons with trichiasis in Tanzania were examined.

Mass treatment and the effect on the load of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a trachoma-hyperendemic community.

Purpose: Trachoma remains a leading cause of blindness. Determining the most effective antibiotic treatment strategy is essential for the success of country-based trachoma control programs.

Methods: Baseline and 2-month follow-up examinations were performed in a trachoma-hyperendemic village.