Greater lesion damage is bidirectionally related with accelerated brain aging after stroke.

Regional neuron loss following stroke can result in remote brain changes due to diaschisis and secondary brain atrophy. Whole brain changes post-stroke can be captured by the predicted brain age difference (brain-PAD), a neuroimaging-derived biomarker of global brain health previously associated with poorer chronic stroke outcomes. We hypothesized that greater lesion damage would be longitudinally associated with worsening brain-PAD during subacute stroke, and conversely, that poorer baseline brain-PAD would be associated with enlarged lesion damage.

Corrigendum: Assessment of a novel Ehlers-Danlos syndromes disability index.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2024.

Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation improves Long COVID symptoms in a female cohort: a pilot study.

Background: Long COVID, also known as Post-COVID-19 syndrome, is characterized by multisystemic symptoms that persists for weeks to years beyond acute infection. It disproportionately affects women and those with pre-existing anxiety/depression, conditions more prevalent in females. The vagus nerve, with its extensive innervation and regulation of critical bodily functions, has become a focal point for therapeutic interventions.

Assessment of a novel Ehlers-Danlos syndromes disability index.

Background: The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a group of inherited connective tissue disorders characterized by disruptions in collagen synthesis and processing. These disorders lead to various symptoms, including hypermobility, musculoskeletal conditions, and chronic pain that can significantly limit patients' daily living. In the absence of a curative treatment, an EDS specific disability index that tracks changes in patient-reported outcomes can facilitate the investigation of new treatment options and enhance the quality of life for EDS patients.

Return to work post spinal cord injury through a comprehensive rehabilitative program: A case series.

Context: Spinal cord injury (SCI) can impair bodily functions and limit an individual's ability to maintain or gain steady employment. Vocational rehabilitation programs have been shown to effectively facilitate individuals with a SCI to return to work, however, further research is needed on the implementation, outcomes, and feasibility of such programs including with the integration of healthcare.

Objective: The objective of this single-group study was to assess the effectiveness of a comprehensive vocational rehabilitation program, as measured by improvements in employment, work confidence, life satisfaction, and quality of life for individuals with a SCI.

Examining health care access disparities in Hispanic populations with peripheral artery disease and diabetes.

Introduction: This study investigated disparities in health care access for Hispanic adults with diabetes and peripheral artery disease (PAD) who are at risk of lower-extremity amputation and other cardiovascular morbidities and mortalities.

Methods: We utilized the health care access survey data from the All of Us research program to examine adults (⩾ 18 years) with either diabetes and/or PAD. The primary associations evaluated were: could not afford medical care and delayed getting medical care in the past 12 months.

Sleep Quality Should Be Assessed in Inpatient Rehabilitation Settings: A Preliminary Study.

Objectives: In this preliminary, longitudinal study, our objective was to assess changes in sleep quality during an inpatient stay in a rehabilitation setting in the United States and to relate changes to patients' demographic and clinical characteristics (i.e., age, gender, BMI, ethnicity, reason for hospitalization, pre-hospital living setting, prior diagnosis of sleep disorders, and mental health status).

Decoding and geometry of ten finger movements in human posterior parietal cortex and motor cortex.

. Enable neural control of individual prosthetic fingers for participants with upper-limb paralysis..

Back on the Road: Comparing Cognitive Assessments to Driving Simulators in Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injuries.

Objective: To compare established clinical outcome assessments for predicting behind the wheel driving readiness and driving simulator results across age groups and in traumatic brain injury. Methods: Participants included adults who had a traumatic brain injury ranging in age from 31 to 57 years and a non-impaired adult population ranging in age from 18 to 80 years. Physical and cognitive outcomes measures were collected included range of motion and coordination, a “Rules of the Road Test” a “Sign Identification Test,” Trails A and B, and the clock drawing test.

Casa Colina Fall Risk Assessment Scale-Revised: Predicting Falls in Inpatient Rehabilitation Facilities.

Objective: To revise the Casa Colina Fall risk assessment scale (CCFRAS) using the new Medicare standards required functional ability quality measures and to assess the sensitivity and specificity of this revised fall risk assessment tool.

Design: The Casa Colina Fall risk assessment scale-revised (CCFRAS-R) was assessed both retrospectively and prospectively on consecutive patients at 3 inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs) to determine the sensitivity and specificity of this tool in predicting fall risk.

Setting: Three IRFs.

The Effect of Sensory Level Versus Motor Level Electrical Stimulation of Pharyngeal Muscles in Acute Stroke Patients with Dysphagia: A Randomized Trial.

Dysphagia is a serious cause of morbidity and mortality in stroke survivors. Electrical stimulation is often included as part of the treatment plan for dysphagia and can be applied at a sensory or motor level intensity. However, evidence to support these different modes of stimulation is lacking.

Stability of motor representations after paralysis.

Neural plasticity allows us to learn skills and incorporate new experiences. What happens when our lived experiences fundamentally change, such as after a severe injury? To address this question, we analyzed intracortical population activity in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) of a tetraplegic adult as she controlled a virtual hand through a brain-computer interface (BCI). By attempting to move her fingers, she could accurately drive the corresponding virtual fingers.

Androgens Regulate Tau Phosphorylation Through Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-Protein Kinase B-Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Signaling.

Age-related testosterone depletion in men is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). How testosterone modulates AD risk remains to be fully elucidated, although regulation of tau phosphorylation has been suggested as a contributing protective action. To investigate the relationship between testosterone and tau phosphorylation, we first evaluated the effect of androgen status on tau phosphorylation in 3xTg-AD mice.

Rehabilitation at the Time of Pandemic: Patient Journey Recommendations.

Purpose: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) a pandemic in March 2020, causing almost 3.5 million coronavirus disease (COVID-19) related deaths worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed a significant burden on healthcare systems, economies, and social systems in many countries around the world.

Rehabilitation Care at the Time of Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) Pandemic: A Scoping Review of Health System Recommendations.

The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 has imposed a significant burden on health care systems, economies, and social systems in many countries around the world. The provision of rehabilitation services for persons with active COVID-19 infection poses challenges to maintaining a safe environment for patients and treating providers.

Longitudinal changes in blood-based biomarkers in chronic moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: preliminary findings.

: This longitudinal study aims at 1) providing preliminary evidence of changes in blood-based biomarkers across time in chronic TBI and 2) relating these changes to outcome measures and cerebral structure and activity.: Eight patients with moderate-to-severe TBI (7 males, 35 ± 7.6 years old, 5 severe TBI, 17.

Intrinsic Variable Learning for Brain-Machine Interface Control by Human Anterior Intraparietal Cortex.

Although animal studies provided significant insights in understanding the neural basis of learning and adaptation, they often cannot dissociate between different learning mechanisms due to the lack of verbal communication. To overcome this limitation, we examined the mechanisms of learning and its limits in a human intracortical brain-machine interface (BMI) paradigm. A tetraplegic participant controlled a 2D computer cursor by modulating single-neuron activity in the anterior intraparietal area (AIP).

Validation of the Casa Colina Fall Risk Assessment Scale in Predicting Falls in Inpatient Rehabilitation Facilities.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the validity, efficacy, and generalizability of a fall risk assessment tool created specifically for inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs).

Design: The Casa Colina Falls Risk Assessment Scale (CCFRAS) was assessed both retrospectively and prospectively on consecutive patients at three IRFs to determine the sensitivity and specificity of this tool in predicting fall risk.

Setting: The setting was in three IRFs.

The Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Functional Impairments Caused by Ischemic Stroke.

Background: While research suggests a benefit of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for neurologic injury, controlled clinical trials have not been able to clearly define the benefits.

Objective: To investigate the effects of HBOT on physical and cognitive impairments resulting from an ischemic stroke.

Methods: Using a within-subject design a baseline for current functional abilities was established over a 3-month period for all subjects (n=7).

Use of Textured Thin Liquids in Patients With Dysphagia.

Purpose: The goals of this article are to explore the use of textured thin liquids for dysphagic patients who require thickened liquids and to illustrate their impact on hydration and patient satisfaction.

Method: A retrospective evaluation of textured thin liquids was completed using patient data looking at laboratory values relevant to the detection of dehydration (blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, sodium) and patient satisfaction (using a clinician-generated questionnaire) on different modified liquid textures. In addition, the viscosity for all liquids was tested using a rheometer.

Single-Neuron Representation of Memory Strength and Recognition Confidence in Left Human Posterior Parietal Cortex.

The human posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is thought to contribute to memory retrieval, but little is known about its specific role. We recorded single PPC neurons of two human tetraplegic subjects implanted with microelectrode arrays, who performed a recognition memory task. We found two groups of neurons that signaled memory-based choices.

The Effectiveness of Aquatic Group Therapy for Improving Water Safety and Social Interactions in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Program.

Drowning is the number one cause of accidental death in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Few studies have examined the effectiveness of swim instruction for improving water safety skills in children with moderate to severe ASD. This study examines the feasibility and effectiveness of an aquatic therapy program on water safety and social skills in children with mild to severe ASD (n = 7).

Partially Mixed Selectivity in Human Posterior Parietal Association Cortex.

To clarify the organization of motor representations in posterior parietal cortex, we test how three motor variables (body side, body part, cognitive strategy) are coded in the human anterior intraparietal cortex. All tested movements were encoded, arguing against strict anatomical segregation of effectors. Single units coded for diverse conjunctions of variables, with different dimensions anatomically overlapping.

Patient navigation for traumatic brain injury promotes community re-integration and reduces re-hospitalizations.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a Navigation programme for patients with traumatic brain injury.

Design: Prospective programme evaluation.

Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation facility and community settings.

Effect of Amplification on Speech and Language in Children With Aural Atresia.

Purpose: There currently is no guideline regarding amplification or verification for children with aural atresia. This population, with the absence of the ear canal, has obvious congenital hearing loss. Research suggests that delayed treatment for hearing loss can result in speech and language impairments, including poor performance in school.