Efficient removal of spores from skim milk using cold microfiltration: Spore size and surface property considerations.

Bacterial spores present in milk can cause quality and shelf-life issues for dairy products. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of microfiltration (MF) in removing Bacillus licheniformis and Geobacillus sp. spores from skim milk using membranes with pore sizes of 1.