Single cell transcriptomics of bone marrow derived macrophages reveals Ccl5 as a biomarker of direct IFNAR-independent responses to DNA sensing.

Introduction: The type I interferon (IFN) response is an innate immune program that mediates anti-viral, anti-cancer, auto-immune, auto-inflammatory, and sterile injury responses. Bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) are commonly used to model macrophage type I IFN responses, but the use of bulk measurement techniques obscures underlying cellular heterogeneity. This is particularly important for the IFN response to immune stimulatory double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) because it elicits overlapping direct and indirect responses, the latter of which depend on type I IFN cytokines signaling the IFN alpha receptor (IFNAR) to upregulate expression of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs).

Healthcare quality during pediatric mental health boarding: A qualitative analysis.

Background: Following initial evaluation and management, youth requiring inpatient psychiatric care often experience boarding, defined as being held in the emergency department or another location while awaiting inpatient care. Although mental health boarding is common, little research has examined the quality of healthcare delivery during the boarding period.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the perspectives and experiences of multidisciplinary clinicians and parents regarding mental health boarding and to develop a conceptual model to inform quality improvement efforts.

Reducing Outpatient Infant Blood Draws with Transcutaneous Measurement of Bilirubin.

Introduction: Newborn jaundice is a common outpatient problem. Transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) measurements correlate well with total serum bilirubin (SB) measurements below 15 mg/dl and are efficient and noninvasive. Some concern exists that TcB measurement may subsequently lead to an increase in the number of SB measurements performed in the outpatient setting.