Publications by authors named "Emily Lerner"
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluates how the presence of concurrent LR-5 observations impacts the likelihood that LR-3 or LR-4 observations indicate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), using a meta-analysis approach.
- The research analyzed data from 29 studies involving 2,591 observations across 1,456 patients, examining the predictive values of LR-3 and LR-4 with and without concurrent LR-5 observations.
- Results showed no significant difference in the positive predictive value for LR-3 and LR-4 observations whether concurrent LR-5 was present or not, suggesting that the presence of LR-5 does not substantially affect HCC diagnosis.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluated how deep learning (DL) can automatically measure tumor size in MRI scans to predict early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after surgery.
- It involved 592 patients who had liver tumor surgery, with results showing that total tumor burden (TTB) was the strongest indicator of early recurrence, differentiating risk levels among patients.
- The findings suggest that using DL to analyze MRIs can help redefine patient classification, potentially leading to better treatment plans based on the risk of recurrence.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigated if a new imaging technique called DL-CS-DWI improves the quality of MRI images and detection of liver lesions in patients at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
- A total of 67 participants with a median age of 58 were analyzed, comparing three diffusion-weighted imaging sequences: DL-CS-DWI, compressed SENSE (CS) DWI, and parallel imaging with SENSE (PI-DWI).
- Results indicated that DL-CS-DWI provided the best image quality and higher detection rates for liver lesions, particularly those located in the hepatic dome, compared to other imaging methods.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy, and represents a significant global health burden with rising incidence rates, despite a more thorough understanding of the etiology and biology of HCC, as well as advancements in diagnosis and treatment modalities. According to emerging evidence, imaging features related to tumor aggressiveness can offer relevant prognostic information, hence validation of imaging prognostic features may allow for better noninvasive outcomes prediction and inform the selection of tailored therapies, ultimately improving survival outcomes for patients with HCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe accepted paradigm for both cellular and anti-tumor immunity relies upon tumor cell killing by CD8 T cells recognizing cognate antigens presented in the context of target cell major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I (MHC-I) molecules. Likewise, a classically described mechanism of tumor immune escape is tumor MHC-I downregulation. Here, we report that CD8 T cells maintain the capacity to kill tumor cells that are entirely devoid of MHC-I expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a new method for controlling brain tumors by using a laser to heat and destroy tumor tissue, but understanding its risks is important for improving patient outcomes.
- A study of 56 patients who underwent LITT revealed a low incidence (5.4%) of tumor seeding along the laser fiber tract, particularly in those with gliomas and lung metastases.
- While rare, the presence of tract seeding was linked to shorter progression-free survival, suggesting that surgical technique might play a role, and follow-up treatments could help mitigate this risk.
Purpose: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a highly effective therapy for newly diagnosed brain metastases. Prophylactic antiepileptic drugs are no longer routinely used in current SRS practice, owing to a perceived low overall frequency of new-onset seizures and potential side effects of medications. It is nonetheless desirable to prevent unwanted side effects following SRS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI), have had limited success in treating intracranial malignancies. These failures are due partly to the restrictive blood-brain-barrier (BBB), the profound tumor-dependent induction of local and systemic immunosuppression, and immune evasion exhibited by these tumors. Therefore, novel approaches must be explored that aim to overcome these stringent barriers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSuccessful cancer immunotherapies rely on a replete and functional immune compartment. Within the immune compartment, T cells are often the effector arm of immune-based strategies due to their potent cytotoxic capabilities. However, many tumors have evolved a variety of mechanisms to evade T cell-mediated killing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFusiform aneurysms are less common than saccular aneurysms, but have higher associated mortality and rebleeding rates. Recently, flow diversion has emerged as a possible treatment option. The purpose of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of the Pipeline Embolization Device (PED) for the treatment of ruptured and unruptured fusiform aneurysms.
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