Publications by authors named "Emily Kawabata"
Background: Bias from data missing not at random (MNAR) is a persistent concern in health-related research. A bias analysis quantitatively assesses how conclusions change under different assumptions about missingness using bias parameters that govern the magnitude and direction of the bias. Probabilistic bias analysis specifies a prior distribution for these parameters, explicitly incorporating available information and uncertainty about their true values.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Failure to appropriately account for unmeasured confounding may lead to erroneous conclusions. Quantitative bias analysis (QBA) can be used to quantify the potential impact of unmeasured confounding or how much unmeasured confounding would be needed to change a study's conclusions. Currently, QBA methods are not routinely implemented, partly due to a lack of knowledge about accessible software.
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- Human genetic variation has helped identify key regulators of hemoglobin switching, notably BCL11A, leading to therapeutic advancements, but understanding of the broader regulatory mechanisms remains limited.
- A large genome-wide association study involving 28,279 individuals from 5 continents identified 178 significant genetic variants affecting fetal hemoglobin regulation.
- The research pinpointed BACH2 as a new regulator and clarified how certain genetic variations, including rare deletions, interact to influence fetal hemoglobin levels, paving the way for improved treatments for conditions like sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia.
Background: Non-random selection of analytic subsamples could introduce selection bias in observational studies. We explored the potential presence and impact of selection in studies of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 prognosis.
Methods: We tested the association of a broad range of characteristics with selection into COVID-19 analytic subsamples in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) and UK Biobank (UKB).
Article Synopsis
- Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) make up most of transcripts in mammalian genomes, but their functions are still not well understood.
- The FANTOM6 project systematically knocked down 285 lncRNAs in human dermal fibroblasts and analyzed changes in cell growth, shape, and gene expression using CAGE techniques.
- This study provides a comprehensive lncRNA knockdown data set (over 1000 CAGE sequencing libraries) and reveals important findings about their roles and impact on various cellular pathways.
Background: Electric adjustable height desks (EAHD) have been promoted as an opportunity for desk based workers to stand at work but there is limited evidence that they have an effect on light physical activity.
Objective: The main objective was to determine if there would be a change in light physical activity with the introduction of EAHD. The secondary objective was to assess if there was an associated change in leisure time activity.