Life in a fishbowl: Space and environmental enrichment affect behaviour of .

The public has expressed growing concern for the well-being of fishes, including popular pet species such as the Siamese fighting fish (). In captivity, male behave aggressively, often causing injuries and death if housed together. As a result, they are typically isolated in small fishbowls, which has been widely criticised as cruel.

Unweaving the population structure and genetic diversity of Canadian shrub willow.

Perennial shrub willow are increasingly being promoted in short-rotation coppice systems as biomass feedstocks, for phytoremediation applications, and for the diverse ecosystem services that can accrue. This renewed interest has led to widespread willow cultivation, particularly of non-native varieties. However, Canadian willow species have not been widely adopted and their inherent diversity has not yet been thoroughly investigated.

Distinct and Overlapping Functions of MYB Transcription Factors SCM1 and MYB103 in Lignin Biosynthesis.

Cell wall recalcitrance is a major constraint for the exploitation of lignocellulosic biomass as a renewable resource for energy and bio-based products. Transcriptional regulators of the lignin biosynthetic pathway represent promising targets for tailoring lignin content and composition in plant secondary cell walls. However, knowledge about the transcriptional regulation of lignin biosynthesis in lignocellulosic feedstocks, such as Miscanthus, is limited.

Modifications in infrared intraoperative neuromonitoring camera and supports.

At my request, modifications were made to the visual oculography (VOG) camera described in the March 2008 article in this journal: "Use of an Infrared Camera to Improve the Outcome of Facial Nerve Monitoring," Am J Electroneurodiagnostic Technol 48.:38-47. The camera now has a wider and a more distant range and a clamp onto a rod.

Use of an infrared camera to improve the outcome of facial nerve monitoring.

Intraoperative cranial nerve neuromonitoring (IONM) has significantly reduced morbidity historically associated with skull-base procedures. It provides the surgeon with immediate feedback to preserve both anatomic and physiologic function of monitored nerves. However, when the surgeon cauterizes tissue near the nerve, the monitoring equipment is saturated by the cautery signal, eliminating IONM information at a critical time.