A case of primary tracheal squamous cell carcinoma arising from malignant transformation of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, with a complete response to concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is a human papillomavirus-mediated condition characterised by the development of benign squamous papillomata of the respiratory tract. Malignant transformation of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, while rare, carries a poor prognosis and there are limited data surrounding treatment options, particularly in inoperable disease. We present the case of a 64-year-old male who developed malignant airway obstruction secondary to primary tracheal squamous cell carcinoma in the setting of a 5-year history of recurrent laryngotracheal papillomatosis, requiring placement of tracheostomy while on veno-venous extracorporeal membranous oxygenation.