The Relationship Between Acuity of Organ Failure and Predictive Validity of Sepsis-3 Criteria.

Unlabelled: The Sepsis-3 taskforce defined sepsis as suspicion of infection and an acute rise in the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score by 2 points over the preinfection baseline. Sepsis-3 studies, though, have not distinguished between acute and chronic organ failure, and may not accurately reflect the epidemiology, natural history, or impact of sepsis. Our objective was to determine the extent to which the predictive validity of Sepsis-3 is attributable to chronic rather than acute organ failure.

Adoption of a dedicated multidisciplinary team is associated with improved survival in acute pulmonary embolism.

Background: Acute pulmonary embolism remains a significant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Benefit of recently developed multidisciplinary PE response teams (PERT) with higher utilization of advanced therapies has not been established.

Methods: To evaluate patient-centered outcomes and cost-effectiveness of a multidisciplinary PERT we performed a retrospective analysis of 554 patients with acute PE at the university of Virginia between July 2014 and June 2015 (pre-PERT era) and between April 2017 through October 2018 (PERT era).

Depressive Symptoms and Salivary Telomere Length in a Probability Sample of Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

Objective: To examine the association between depressive symptoms and salivary telomere length in a probability sample of middle-aged and older adults, and to evaluate age and sex as potential moderators of this association and test whether this association was incremental to potential confounds.

Methods: Participants were 3,609 individuals from the 2008 wave of the Health and Retirement Study. Telomere length assays were performed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction on DNA extracted from saliva samples.

Normative Data on the Beck Depression Inventory--Second Edition (BDI-II) in College Students.

Objective: This study was conducted to provide normative data on the Beck Depression Inventory--Second Edition (BDI-II) in college students.

Method: Data were obtained from 15,233 college students drawn from 17 universities in the United States, weighted to match the gender and race/ethnicity of enrollment in degree-granting institutions.

Results: Descriptive statistics, point prevalence of individuals exceeding cutoff scores, and mean differences by gender and race/ethnicity were provided.

Epidithiodiketopiperazines (ETPs) exhibit in vitro antiangiogenic and in vivo antitumor activity by disrupting the HIF-1α/p300 complex in a preclinical model of prostate cancer.

The downstream targets of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) play an important role in tumor progression and angiogenesis. Therefore, inhibition of HIF-mediated transcription has potential in the treatment of cancer. One attractive strategy for inhibiting HIF activity is the disruption of the HIF-1α/p300 complex, as p300 is a crucial coactivator of hypoxia-inducible transcription.

Significant addition to treatment options for bone metastasis in prostate cancer.

Pathologic fractures, spinal compression, and pain take a great toll on the healthcare costs and well-being of men with prostate cancer metastatic to the bone. For almost 10 years, the only drug proven to prevent these skeletal-related adverse events was the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid. In a study published by Fizazi et al.

Sorafenib is an inhibitor of UGT1A1 but is metabolized by UGT1A9: implications of genetic variants on pharmacokinetics and hyperbilirubinemia.

Purpose: Several case reports suggest sorafenib exposure and sorafenib-induced hyperbilirubinemia may be related to a (TA)(5/6/7) repeat polymorphism in UGT1A1*28 (UGT, uridine glucuronosyl transferase). We hypothesized that sorafenib inhibits UGT1A1 and individuals carrying UGT1A1*28 and/or UGT1A9 variants experience greater sorafenib exposure and greater increase in sorafenib-induced plasma bilirubin concentration.

Experimental Design: Inhibition of UGT1A1-mediated bilirubin glucuronidation by sorafenib was assessed in vitro.

The effect of raloxifene on cognitive function in postmenopausal women: a randomized clinical trial.

To determine whether treatment with raloxifene has a beneficial effect on cognitive function in postmenopausal women, 50 postmenopausal women were randomized to receive raloxifene 60 mg, or placebo, for eight weeks. Participants completed pre- and post-treatment assessment of cognitive and psychological function including the Beck Anxiety and Beck Depression inventories, the SF-36 Scale of physical and emotional well-being, five tests of cognitive function including Block Design and Digit Span subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (WAIS-III), the Logical Memory and Paired Associates subtests of the Wechsler Memory Scale-III, and the Digit Cancellation test. Results showed no significant effect attributable to eight weeks of treatment with raloxifene on cognitive, psychological, or health variables.

Visual attention and driving behaviors among community-living older persons.

Background: Older drivers have higher rates of crashes per mile driven compared with most other drivers, and these crashes result in greater morbidity and mortality. Various aspects of cognition, particularly visual attention, have been linked with crash risk among older individuals. The current study was designed to specify those cognitive variables associated with specific on-road driving behaviors in a sample of older, nonclinic-referred individuals.