Publications by authors named "Emily Cook"

Article Synopsis
  • The text discusses a fungal microbe that is found in various vertebrates and their environments, highlighting its increasing role as an opportunistic pathogen in humans, particularly in Europe and North America.
  • This microbe is especially dangerous for vulnerable populations such as the elderly and those with weakened immune systems, primarily because it is resistant to many drugs and can evade the immune response.
  • Recent genetic studies reveal important information about its genome, suggesting a need for reclassification based on new phylogenetic insights.
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The placement of polyoxometalates next to the surface of noble metallic nanoparticles has been found to enhance the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect. The enhancement is believed to stem from either charge (electrostatic attraction) or chemical effects. Anisotropic gold nanorods are recognized as useful nanostructures for SERS, mainly due to the high electric field enhancement at their ends.

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) from aqueous film forming foams (AFFFs) can hinder bioremediation of co-contaminants such as trichloroethene (TCE) and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX). Anaerobic dechlorination can require bioaugmentation of , and for BTEX, oxygen is often sparged to stimulate in situ aerobic biodegradation. We tested PFAS inhibition to TCE and BTEX bioremediation by exposing an anaerobic TCE-dechlorinating coculture, an aerobic BTEX-degrading enrichment culture, and an anaerobic toluene-degrading enrichment culture to -dimethyl perfluorohexane sulfonamido amine (AmPr-FHxSA), perfluorohexane sulfonamide (FHxSA), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), or nonfluorinated surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS).

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Background: Pharmacists are underused healthcare professionals who are well positioned to provide weight management interventions; however, a systematic review of the literature supporting the role of pharmacists in weight management is lacking.

Objectives: To conduct a systematic review to assess the body of evidence supporting the role of pharmacists in the management of obesity.

Methods: A literature search of OVID MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL was conducted from inception through February 23, 2023, to identify studies involving pharmacist interventions for weight management.

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Evidence synthesis is a complex approach to research that can consolidate the current understanding of a particular topic from various sources. A design hierarchy based upon reliability is described in detail. Methodology is described explicitly to provide readers with a foundation for performing and understanding published evidence synthesis.

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Osteocytes are the resident mechanosensory cells in bone. They are responsible for skeletal homeostasis and adaptation to mechanical cues. Integrin proteins play a prominent role in osteocyte mechanotransduction, but the details are not well stratified.

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Fungi and laccase mediator systems (LMSs) have a proven track record of oxidizing recalcitrant organic compounds. There has been considerable interest in applying LMSs to the treatment of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), a class of ubiquitous and persistent environmental contaminants. Some laboratory experiments have indicated modest losses of PFAAs over extended periods, but there have been no clear demonstrations of a transformation mechanism or the kinetics that would be needed for remediation applications.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Recent advancements in long-read sequencing, specifically PacBio technology, have enabled researchers to sequence entire mitochondrial genomes, which allows for deeper exploration of their structure and recombination.
  • - A study on two New Zealand freshwater snail species revealed a previously undetected ∼1.7 kb noncoding region and a mitochondrial genome structure similar to plant chloroplasts, consisting of a large single-copy region and inverted repeats.
  • - The findings show evidence of "flip-flop" recombination and distinct haplotypes in the snails' mitochondrial genomes, prompting new questions about the role of inverted repeats in the evolution of these genomes.
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Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) is a viable treatment option for end-stage ankle arthritis. However, implant survivorship remains an important consideration. Concerns regarding early component loosening with the low-profile tibial tray utilized by fourth-generation TAA systems have been raised in the literature.

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Manipulations of nanocrystal (NC) surfaces have propelled the applications of colloidal NCs across various fields such as bioimaging, catalysis, electronics, and sensing applications. In this Feature Article, we discuss the surface chemistry of colloidal NCs, with an emphasis on semiconductor quantum dots, and the binding motifs for various ligands that coordinate NC surfaces. We present isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) as a viable technique for studying the thermodynamics of the ligand association and exchange at NC surfaces by discussing its principles of operation and highlighting results obtained to date.

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Sites impacted by aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) contain co-contaminants that can stimulate biotransformation of polyfluoroalkyl substances. Here, we compare how microbial enrichments from AFFF-impacted soil amended with diethyl glycol monobutyl ether (found in AFFF), aromatic hydrocarbons (present in co-released fuels), acetate, and methane (substrates used or formed during bioremediation) impact the aerobic biotransformation of an AFFF-derived six-carbon electrochemical fluorination (ECF) precursor -dimethyl ammonio propyl perfluorohexane sulfonamide (AmPr-FHxSA). We found that methane- and acetate-oxidizing cultures resulted in the highest yields of identifiable products (38 and 30%, respectively), including perfluorohexane sulfonamide (FHxSA) and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS).

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Article Synopsis
  • The study surveyed 275 college students to assess changes in peer relationships and their effects on mental health between fall 2020 and spring 2021.
  • Results indicated that while students felt a drop in peer support, the quality of their closest friendships remained unchanged, with decreased perceived support linked to higher symptoms of depression and loneliness.
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Aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) are important sources of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in soil, groundwater, and surface water. Soil microorganisms can convert polyfluorinated substances into persistent perfluoroalkyl acids, but the understanding of co-contaminant stimulation or inhibition of PFASs biotransformation is limited. In this study, we investigate how aerobic biotransformation of polyfluorinated substances was affected by common AFFF co-contaminants, such as gasoline aromatics: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and -xylene (BTEX).

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As a result of improved implants total ankle replacement (TAR) is becoming a more reliable option for end stage ankle arthritis. As with any surgery there are numerous complications that can occur intraoperatively and postoperatively with TAR. The primary aim of this study is to use recent data on implants currently on the market to develop a well-defined and comprehensive complication classification system which stratifies risk of subsequent surgery for TAR.

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In humans, loss-of-function mutations in the UBE3A gene lead to the neurodevelopmental disorder Angelman syndrome (AS). AS patients have severe impairments in speech, learning and memory, and motor coordination, for which there is currently no treatment. In addition, UBE3A is duplicated in > 1-2% of patients with autism spectrum disorders-a further indication of the significant role it plays in brain development.

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Long-term preservation of laboratory strains of has historically involved either liquid nitrogen cryopreservation, which is expensive and labor intensive, or storage on agar plates, which requires frequent transfer to new plates, and which may leave samples susceptible to contamination as well as genetic drift and/or selection. The emergence of as a model organism for genetic analysis and experimental evolution has produced an increasing demand for an efficient method to cryopreserve populations. The GeneArt™ Cryopreservation Kit for Algae provides the first method for algal storage at -80°C; however, little is known about how this method affects recovery of different clones, much less polyclonal populations.

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Proteasomes are multisubunit complexes that catalyze the majority of protein degradation in mammalian cells to maintain protein homeostasis and influence the regulation of most cellular processes. The proteasome, a multicatalytic protease complex, is a ring-like structure with a narrow pore that exhibits regulated gating, enabling the selective degradation of target proteins into peptide fragments. This process of removing proteins is essential for eliminating proteins that are no longer wanted, such as unfolded or aggregated proteins.

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High levels of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid, the brain's primary inhibitory neurotransmitter) are associated with enhanced cognitive and perceptual performance. It has been proposed that these effects result from GABA reducing neural noise or variability, but the precise mechanisms remain unknown. We have measured how individual differences in GABA concentration in the visual cortex are related to performance on a visual contrast discrimination task.

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The gold standard for management of end-stage ankle arthritis was previously ankle arthrodesis; however, improvements in total ankle replacements are making this a more viable treatment option. The primary aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the survivorship of total ankle replacement implants currently in use. An extensive search strategy initially captured 20,842 citations that were evaluated for relevance.

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Laboratory models that help us understand the neural mechanisms associated with how stress, particularly interpersonal stress, affects children's and adolescents' emotions are paramount but are limited if that understanding lacks validity in adolescents' daily lives. There is a lack of research that addresses the ecological validity of visual stimuli to induce stress in participants while measuring participants' neural response to that stimuli. This approach is needed if we are to identify the neural mechanisms that underlie the effect of stressful events on individuals' emotional functioning.

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The productivity of a biological community often correlates with its diversity. In the microbial world this phenomenon can sometimes be explained by positive, density-dependent interactions such as cross-feeding and syntrophy. These metabolic interactions help account for the astonishing variety of microbial life and drive many of the biogeochemical cycles without which life as we know it could not exist.

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Most eukaryotic microbial diversity is uncultivated, under-studied and lacks nuclear genome data. Mitochondrial genome sampling is more comprehensive, but many phylogenetically important groups remain unsampled. Here, using a single-cell sorting approach combining tubulin-specific labelling with photopigment exclusion, we sorted flagellated heterotrophic unicellular eukaryotes from Pacific Ocean samples.

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Article Synopsis
  • Baker's yeast has a limited lifespan characterized by both replicative lifespan (how many times a cell can divide) and chronological lifespan (how long a non-dividing cell can survive).
  • Different strains of yeast show natural variations in these lifespans, which may have implications for understanding lifespan in other eukaryotic organisms, including animals.
  • The text discusses alternative cultivation methods for yeast that better mimic the long-lived cells in higher organisms, such as large colonies on semi-solid agar and bioreactors, to uncover insights into cellular lifespan determinants.
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Lesser metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) and plantar plate pathologies are commonly seen forefoot conditions. Traditional rebalancing techniques are commonly used but can have concerning adverse effects. The purpose of this study was to analyze the 1-year outcomes of a new technique consisting of anatomic repair of the plantar plate and collateral ligaments involving lesser MTPJs.

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Purpose: Oliceridine is a novel G protein-biased µ-opioid receptor agonist designed to provide intravenous (IV) analgesia with a lower risk of opioid-related adverse events (ORAEs) than conventional opioids.

Patients And Methods: APOLLO-1 (NCT02815709) was a phase III, double-blind, randomized trial in patients with moderate-to-severe pain following bunionectomy. Patients received a loading dose of either placebo, oliceridine (1.

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