Lipid nanoparticle delivery of TALEN mRNA targeting LPA causes gene disruption and plasma lipoprotein(a) reduction in transgenic mice.

Lipoprotein(a), or Lp(a), is encoded by the LPA gene and is a causal genetic risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Individuals with high Lp(a) are at risk for cardiovascular morbidity and are refractory to standard lipid-lowering agents. Lp(a)-lowering therapies currently in clinical development require repetitive dosing, while a gene editing approach presents an opportunity for a single-dose treatment.

The retrograde pressure cooker technique for transvenous embolization of a residual arteriovenous malformation following stereotactic radiosurgery.

Residual brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) following stereotactic radiosurgery are not uncommon and the optimal subsequent management remains undetermined.1-3 Endovascular embolization has been reported as an effective treatment for residual BAVMs after radiosurgery,4 5 and has the advantage over repeat radiosurgery in selected cases as angiographic weak points can be secured immediately and the risk of radiation-induced complications is less of a concern.6 7 In this technical video (video 1), we demonstrate the transvenous embolization of a previously-irradiated arteriovenous malformation and a persistent venous pouch using the retrograde pressure cooker technique, with emphasis on the important recommendations for avoiding periprocedural complications.

Removal of errant coils using the Tigertriever-13.

Coil migration poses a significant intraprocedural risk during coil embolization in interventional neuroradiology procedures. In this technical video we describe the technique of removal of errand coils using the low profile Tigertriever-13 device.1 Traditional methods of errant coil retrieval rely on the use of stent retrievers;2 however, these devices are usually too large to fit through smaller inner diameter 0.

Does ultrasound guidance decrease femoral access site complications in neurointerventional procedures? A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Ultrasound has been increasingly used to guide femoral arterial access for neuroendovascular procedures. Its effect on the safety outcomes has yet to be established.

Purpose: The purpose is to determine the effect of ultrasound-guided punctures on femoral access site complications (ASC), and to identify other potential predictors of ASC.

Embolization techniques of spontaneous direct carotid-cavernous fistulae: a single-center experience.

Purpose: Spontaneous direct carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) are usually caused by a ruptured carotid cavernous aneurysm. We studied treatment of spontaneous direct CCFs in a single-center cohort of a high-volume tertiary referral center, reporting anatomical details, technical approaches of treatment, and outcomes.

Methods: Adult patients with a spontaneous direct CCF treated between 2010-2022 with follow-up MRI and/or DSA imaging available were retrospectively analyzed.

Ethanol Content of Medications and Its Effect on Blood Alcohol Concentration in Pediatric Patients.

Objective: Ethanol is a common excipient used in liquid medications to enhance solubility and inhibit -bacterial growth. While the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) have released guidance for how much ethanol is acceptable in medicines, many medications contain more than the recommended amount. The objective of this study was to determine what effect these medications would have on blood alcohol concentration (BAC) for pediatric patients, defined as those medications that would increase the BAC by ≥2.

A Potential Role for the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-Products (RAGE) in the Development of Secondhand Smoke-Induced Chronic Sinusitis.

Chronic sinusitis (CS) is characterized by sinonasal inflammation, mucus overproduction, and edematous mucosal tissue. CS impacts one in seven adults and estimates suggest up to 15% of the general U.S.

Utilisation of the Scepter Mini dual-lumen balloon - An illustrative series.

Background: Dual-lumen balloon microcatheters can aid in the safety and efficacy of endovascular embolisation of cerebrospinal vascular malformations. The Scepter Mini dual-lumen balloon is a novel device with a smaller profile than previous balloon microcatheters, opening up new indications not only in the treatment of cerebrospinal malformations but in various other neurovascular therapeutic and diagnostic scenarios.

Methods: Following institutional ethics review board approval, a retrospective review of our prospectively maintained database of cases employing the Scepter Mini dual-lumen microballoon catheter was conducted.

Delayed Foreshortening and Prolapse of Silk Vista Baby into Superior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysm.

Background: Flow diversion has evolved as a minimally invasive treatment for intracranial aneurysms. The Silk Vista Baby (SVB) can be navigated into small cerebral vessels because it can be deployed through a low-profile microcatheter.

Methods: We report on treating a patient in his 70s with an unruptured fusiform right superior cerebellar artery aneurysm using an SVB.

Transvenous retrograde pressure cooker technique for embolization of an ethmoidal dural arteriovenous fistula.

SummaryEthmoidal dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are rare lesions, accounting for approximately 10% of intracranial DAVFs.1 2 As ethmoidal DAVFs commonly demonstrate cortical venous drainage, treatment is always warranted.2-6 Endovascular transvenous embolization has been increasingly reported as an effective and safe treatment for ethmoidal DAVFs, and since occlusion of the central retinal artery and resulting blindness are not a concern, it has an advantage over transarterial embolization.

Inflammation and Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Exposed to Electronic Cigarette Vapor Extract.

Electronic cigarettes (eCig) represent a new avenue of tobacco exposure that involves heating oil-based liquids and the delivery of aerosolized flavors with or without nicotine, yet little is known about their overall health impact. The oral cavity is an anatomic gateway for exposure that can be compromised by activating myriad of signaling networks. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSSC) is a common malignancy affecting 30,000 people in the United States each year.

A Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Hydroxychloroquine on COVID-19.

Introduction Since December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread throughout the world with a large medical and economic impact. On March 12, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified SARS-CoV-2 as a pandemic. As a result of this worldwide public health crisis, politicians, elected officials, and healthcare professionals emergently began trialing hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in efforts to treat and prevent the transmission of the virus.

Predominant Striatal Input to the Lateral Habenula in Macaques Comes from Striosomes.

Striosomes, neurochemically specialized modules in the striatum, are thought to be nodes in circuits extending, via basal ganglia pathways, from mood-related neocortical regions to dopamine-containing neurons of the substantia nigra. Yet striosomes have remained beyond the reach of electrophysiological methods to identify them, especially in non-human primates. Such work is needed for translational as well as for basic science.

Sleep hygiene education as a treatment of insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Sleep hygiene education (SHE) is commonly used as a treatment of insomnia in general practice. Whether SHE or cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), a treatment with stronger evidence base, should be provided first remains unclear.

Objective: To review the efficacy of SHE for poor sleep or insomnia.

Ultra-deep sequencing provides insights into the virology of hepatitis C super-infections in a case of three sequential infections with different genotypes.

The current epidemic of Hepatitis C infection in HIV-positive men who have sex with men is associated with increasing use of recreational drugs. Multiple HCV infections have been reported in haemophiliacs and intravenous drug users. Using ultra-deep sequencing analysis, we present the case of an HIV-positive MSM with evidence of three sequential HCV infections, each occurring during the acute phase of the preceding infection, following risk exposures.

The project connect health systems intervention: linking sexually experienced youth to sexual and reproductive health care.

Purpose: To evaluate a health systems intervention to increase adolescents' receipt of high-quality sexual and reproductive health care services.

Methods: Quasi experimental design. Twelve high schools in a large public school district were matched into pairs.

Improving the implementation of a condom availability program in urban high schools.

Purpose: We conducted an intervention to improve the implementation of a high school condom availability program, and evaluated its effect on students' awareness of the program and acquisition of condoms.

Methods: Twelve public high schools in the Los Angeles, CA area participated, half each in the intervention and control conditions. Project staff facilitated intervention schools' self-assessment of compliance with the school district's condom availability policy, creating an action plan by determining which mandatory program elements were lacking and identifying steps to improve compliance.

School-based health center access, reproductive health care, and contraceptive use among sexually experienced high school students.

Purpose: The current analyses compared receipt of reproductive health care, contraceptive use, and screening for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) among adolescents who are sexually experienced, with or without access to a school clinic.

Methods: A total of 12 urban California high schools, selected from areas with high teen pregnancy and STD rates, half with school-based health centers (SBHCs), participated in an intervention study designed to improve sexual health among adolescents. Of the participating students, 44% indicated that they had ever had intercourse and were included in these analyses.