Low estradiol is linked to increased skin conductance, but not subjective anxiety or affect, in response to an impromptu speech task.

Low estradiol is associated with impaired extinction of conditioned physiological fear responses (e.g. skin conductance) in females.

Effects of a multimodal intervention on gait and balance of subjects with progressive multiple sclerosis: a prospective longitudinal pilot study.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of a multimodal intervention including a modified Paleolithic diet, nutritional supplements, stretching, strengthening exercises with electrical stimulation of trunk and lower limb muscles, meditation and massage on walking performance and balance of subjects with progressive multiple sclerosis (MS).

Materials And Methods: Twenty subjects with mean (standard deviation) age of 51.7 (6.

Manipulation of host and parasite microbiotas: Survival strategies during chronic nematode infection.

Intestinal dwelling parasites have evolved closely with the complex intestinal microbiota of their host, but the significance of the host microbiota for metazoan pathogens and the role of their own intestinal microbiota are still not fully known. We have found that the parasitic nematode acquired a distinct intestinal microbiota from its host, which was required for nematode fitness. Infection of germ-free mice and mice monocolonized with demonstrated that successful infections require a host microbiota.

Estradiol levels in women predict skin conductance response but not valence and expectancy ratings in conditioned fear extinction.

Anxiety disorders are more prevalent in women than men. One contributing factor may be the sex hormone estradiol, which is known to impact the long term recall of conditioned fear extinction, a laboratory procedure that forms the basis of exposure therapy for anxiety disorders. To date, the literature examining estradiol and fear extinction in humans has focused primarily on physiological measures of fear, such as skin conductance response (SCR) and fear potentiated startle.