Design of a Fibroblast Activation Protein-Targeted Radiopharmaceutical Therapy with High Tumor-to-Healthy-Tissue Ratios.

Because of upregulated expression on cancer-associated fibroblasts, fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has emerged as an attractive biomarker for the imaging and therapy of solid tumors. Although many FAP ligands have already been developed for radiopharmaceutical therapies (RPTs), most suffer from inadequate tumor uptake, insufficient tumor residence times, or off-target accumulation in healthy tissues, suggesting a need for further improvements. A new FAP-targeted RPT with a novel ligand (FAP8-PEG-IP-DOTA) was designed by combining the desirable features of several previous ligand-targeted RPTs.

Contrasting consequences of podocyte insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor inhibition.

Insulin signaling to the glomerular podocyte via the insulin receptor (IR) is critical for kidney function. In this study we show that near-complete knockout of the closely related insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) in podocytes is detrimental, resulting in albuminuria and podocyte cell death . In contrast, partial podocyte IGF1R knockdown confers protection against doxorubicin-induced podocyte injury.

The loss of glycocalyx integrity impairs complement factor H binding and contributes to cyclosporine-induced endothelial cell injury.

Background: Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are associated with nephrotoxicity, endothelial cell dysfunction, and thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). Evolving evidence suggests an important role for complement dysregulation in the pathogenesis of CNI-induced TMA. However, the exact mechanism(s) of CNI-induced TMA remain(s) unknown.

The Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is common in older adults. CVD is a significant cause of both death and disability in old age. Though the prevention and treatment of CVD have been extensively studied, historically older adults and especially those older than 75 years have been underrepresented in clinical investigations designed to determine the best way to prevent or treat CVD.

Do Decision Aids Benefit Patients with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain? A Systematic Review.

Objective: To review the effect of patient decision aids for adults making treatment decisions regarding the management of chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials of adults using patient decision aids to make treatment decisions for chronic musculoskeletal pain in the outpatient setting.

Results: Of 477 records screened, 17 met the inclusion criteria.

Using population-based routinely collected data from the Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme to investigate factors associated with discharge to care home after rehabilitation.

Objectives: We investigated factors associated with Care Home (CH) discharge following stroke using routinely collected data in unselected patients and assessed the relevance of previous research findings to such patients seen in routine clinical practice.

Design: Retrospective analysis of data from the Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme using univariate analysis and logistic regression.

Setting: A large acute and rehabilitation UK stroke unit with access to early supported discharge.

Validation and comparison of two stroke prognostic models for in hospital, 30-day and 90-day mortality.

Introduction: We aimed to validate and compare two clinical prognostic models for mortality which include the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS); the Age and NIHSS Score (ANS) and case mix model (CMM) of the Sentinel Stroke National Audit Program (SSNAP). The NIHSS on admission was also tested as a prognostic score.

Patients And Methods: Prospectively collected data from the SSNAP register for a cohort of patients (ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke) admitted over 1 year to Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, England were accessed.

Relationship between ambient ultraviolet radiation and Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes in the United States.

Background: There are few modifiable risk factors for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), the most common cancer among young adults in Western populations. Some studies have found a reduced risk with exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR), but findings have been inconsistent and limited to HL as a group or the most common subtypes.

Methods: We evaluated UVR and incidence of HL subtypes using data from 15 population-based cancer registries in the United States from 2001 to 2010 (n=20 021).

Female Estrogen-Related Factors and Incidence of Basal Cell Carcinoma in a Nationwide US Cohort.

Purpose: UV radiation exposure is the primary risk factor for basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most common human malignancy. Although the photosensitizing properties of estrogens have been recognized for decades, few studies have examined the relationship between reproductive factors or exogenous estrogen use and BCC.

Methods: Using data from the US Radiologic Technologists Study, a large, nationwide, prospective cohort, we assessed the relationship between reproductive factors, exogenous estrogen use, and first primary BCC while accounting for sun exposure, personal sun sensitivity, and lifestyle factors for geographically dispersed women exposed to a wide range of ambient UV radiation.

Campylobacter-Associated Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Associated with Pulmonary-Renal Syndrome.

Common causes of pulmonary-renal syndrome include anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positive vasculitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. We describe a case of life-threatening pulmonary hemorrhage associated with Campylobacter hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which we believe is a new disease entity. We hypothesize that the cause of this pulmonary-renal syndrome was an immunological reaction to Campylobacter; and that the initiation of high-dose steroids was responsible for the rapid reversal of the patient's pulmonary and renal impairment.

Four-year follow-up of transient ischemic attacks, strokes, and mimics: a retrospective transient ischemic attack clinic cohort study.

Background And Purpose: There is limited information on outcomes from rapid access transient ischemic attack (TIA) clinics. We present 4-year outcomes of TIAs, strokes, and mimics from a UK TIA clinic database.

Methods: All patients referred between April 2010 and May 2012 were retrospectively identified and outcomes determined.

Liver disease and HPLC quantification of disialotransferrin for heavy alcohol use: a case series.

Background: It had previously been suggested that individuals with cirrhosis may have a pattern of transferrin glycosylation that interferes with the interpretation of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) testing for heavy alcohol use. The goal of this case series was to evaluate the prevalence of liver disease among individuals with poor resolution of transferrin glycoforms by high performance liquid chromatography.

Methods: We reviewed the electronic medical records of 35 consecutive patients with poor chromatographic resolution of disialotransferrin from trisialotransferrin and recorded information on diagnosed liver disease, liver function testing, and other factors.