Momentary Desire for Sexual Intercourse and Momentary Emotional Intimacy Associated With Perceived Relationship Quality and Physical Intimacy in Heterosexual Emerging Adult Couples.

Sexual desire and emotional intimacy are central to relationships, yet little is known about how these feelings vary within and between partners or relate to dyad functioning. We explored magnitude and stability of momentary sexual desire and emotional intimacy in relation to quality and functioning of heterosexual relationships. After reporting perceived relationship quality and physical intimacy enjoyment, members of 18 emerging adult heterosexual couples reported momentary partner-specific sexual desire and emotional intimacy several times a day for two weeks (2,224 reports).

Three-Year Improvements in Weight Status and Weight-Related Behaviors in Middle School Students: The Healthy Choices Study.

Introduction: Few dissemination evaluations exist to document the effectiveness of evidence-based childhood obesity interventions outside the research setting.

Objective: Evaluate Healthy Choices (HC), a multi-component obesity prevention program, by examining school-level changes in weight-related behaviors and weight status and the association of implementation components with odds of overweight/obesity.

Methods: We compared baseline and Year 3 school-level behavioral and weight status outcomes with paired t-tests adjusted for schools' socio-demographic characteristics.

Bayesian mixed-effects location and scale models for multivariate longitudinal outcomes: an application to ecological momentary assessment data.

In the statistical literature, the methods to understand the relationship of explanatory variables on each individual outcome variable are well developed and widely applied. However, in most health-related studies given the technological advancement and sophisticated methods of obtaining and storing data, a need to perform joint analysis of multivariate outcomes while explaining the impact of predictors simultaneously and accounting for all the correlations is in high demand. In this manuscript, we propose a generalized approach within a Bayesian framework that models the changes in the variation in terms of explanatory variables and captures the correlations between the multivariate continuous outcomes by the inclusion of random effects at both the location and scale levels.

Leadership in adolescent health: developing the next generation of maternal child health leaders through mentorship.

Leadership development is a core value of Maternal Child Health Bureau training programs. Mentorship, an MCH Leadership Competency, has been shown to positively affect career advancement and research productivity. Improving mentorship opportunities for junior faculty and trainees may increase pursuit of careers in areas such as adolescent health research and facilitate the development of new leaders in the field.

Utility of ultrasound in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents.

Objective: To determine the utility of transabdominal pelvic ultrasound in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) during adolescence.

Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Setting: Academic tertiary care pediatric hospital.

Momentary positive and negative affect preceding marijuana use events in youth.

Unlabelled: ABSTRACT. among young people. This study examined how positive and negative affect differ before marijuana use compared with other times.

Differences in correlates of condom use between young adults and adults attending sexually transmitted infection clinics.

Despite developmental differences between young adults and adults, studies of condom use have not typically considered young adults as a distinct age group. This study sought to examine how condom use and its correlates differed between high-risk young adults and adults. Sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic patients (n = 763) reported STI history, contraception, negative condom attitudes, fear of partner reaction to condom use and risky behaviours.

Sexual orientation disparities in BMI among U.S. adolescents and young adults in three race/ethnicity groups.

Obesity is a key public health issue for US youth. Previous research with primarily white samples of youth has indicated that sexual minority females have higher body mass index (BMI) and sexual minority males have lower BMI than their same-gender heterosexual counterparts, with sexual orientation differences in males increasing across adolescence. This research explored whether gender and sexual orientation differences in BMI exist in nonwhite racial/ethnic groups.

Predictors of optional immunization uptake in an urban south Indian population.

Background: In Tamil Nadu, India, bacille Calmette-Guérin, diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, oral poliomyelitis, hepatitis B, and measles vaccines are part of the routine immunization schedule and are available free from government health centers. All other vaccines are optional and available in the private sector at a cost to families. This study assesses immunization rates of routine and optional vaccines and examines parental attitudes toward vaccines in Pallavapuram, Tamil Nadu.

Percentage body fat by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is associated with menstrual recovery in adolescents with anorexia nervosa.

Purpose: To evaluate mediators of resumption of menses (ROM) in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN).

Methods: Anthropometrics, body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, hormonal studies, and responses to mental health screens were obtained at 6-month intervals for 18 months in 37 adolescents with AN randomized to the placebo arm of a double-blind treatment trial. Outcomes were compared between subjects with menstrual recovery and those without.

Sociodemographic risk, developmental competence, and PTSD symptoms in young children exposed to interpersonal trauma in early life.

Young children are disproportionately exposed to interpersonal trauma (maltreatment, witnessing intimate partner violence [IPV]) and appear particularly susceptible to negative sequelae. Little is known about the factors influencing vulnerability to traumatic stress responses and other negative outcomes in early life. This study examined associations among interpersonal trauma exposure, sociodemographic risk, developmental competence, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in 200 children assessed from birth to first grade via standardized observations, record reviews, and maternal and teacher interviews.

Physical activity disparities in heterosexual and sexual minority youth ages 12-22 years old: roles of childhood gender nonconformity and athletic self-esteem.

Background: Physical activity is an important health determinant. Little is known about sexual orientation differences in physical activity and their psychosocial determinants.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine adolescent and young adult hours/week of moderate/vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and team sports participation by sexual orientation and investigate contributions of gender nonconformity and low athletic self-esteem to possible sexual orientation differences.

Spatial distribution of cosmetic-procedure businesses in two U.S. cities: a pilot mapping and validation study.

Cosmetic procedures have proliferated rapidly over the past few decades, with over $11 billion spent on cosmetic surgeries and other minimally invasive procedures and another $2.9 billion spent on U.V.

A pilot study of omalizumab to facilitate rapid oral desensitization in high-risk peanut-allergic patients.

Background: Peanut allergy is a major public health problem that affects 1% of the population and has no effective therapy.

Objective: To examine the safety and efficacy of oral desensitization in peanut-allergic children in combination with a brief course of anti-IgE mAb (omalizumab [Xolair]).

Methods: We performed oral peanut desensitization in peanut-allergic children at high risk for developing significant peanut-induced allergic reactions.

Real-time, contextual intervention using mobile technology to reduce marijuana use among youth: a pilot study.

We evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy of MOMENT, an intervention to reduce youth marijuana use that combines brief motivational enhancement therapy with mobile self-monitoring and responsive messaging. At baseline, primary care patients ages 15-24 who used marijuana frequently (at least 3 times per week) completed a recall assessment, then 1 week of mobile momentary and daily reports on use-related factors. For the intervention, youth participated in two motivational enhancement therapy sessions, during which they identified their top-3 social and emotional triggers for use and discussed healthy ways to manage them.

Mother-infant attachment and the intergenerational transmission of posttraumatic stress disorder.

Evidence for the intergenerational transmission of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is documented in the literature, although the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Attachment theory provides a framework for elucidating the ways in which maternal PTSD may increase offspring PTSD vulnerability. The current study utilized two independent prospective data sets to test the hypotheses that (a) maternal PTSD increases the probability of developing an insecure mother-infant attachment relationship and (b) an insecure mother-infant attachment relationship increases the risk of developing PTSD following trauma exposure in later life.

Youths' health-related social problems: concerns often overlooked during the medical visit.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to (1) measure the prevalence of health-related social problems among adolescent and young adult primary care patients; (2) estimate previous screening and referral experiences; and (3) examine participant attitudes toward screening and referral.

Methods: Data were collected as part of a cross-sectional study conducted in an urban young adult clinic. Patients aged 15 to 25 years completed a computerized questionnaire screening for health-related social problems in nine social domains.

Associations between affect, context, and sexual desire in depressed young women.

We investigated associations of sexual desire with time of day, physical and social context, and positive and negative affect using momentary sampling in 44 depressed young women (mean age = 18). Analyses revealed that depressed young women experienced sexual desire when with their boyfriends and later in the evening. Sexual desire was also positively associated with positive affect.

Characteristics of screen media use associated with higher BMI in young adolescents.

Objectives: This study investigates how characteristics of young adolescents' screen media use are associated with their BMI. By examining relationships between BMI and both time spent using each of 3 screen media and level of attention allocated to use, we sought to contribute to the understanding of mechanisms linking media use and obesity.

Methods: We measured heights and weights of 91 13- to 15-year-olds and calculated their BMIs.

Predictors of screening and injury in contacts of physically abused children.

Objective: To determine rates of screening in contacts of children evaluated for physical abuse, and the relationship of clinical characteristics to screening recommendation and completion and injury identification.

Study Design: This is a planned secondary analysis of a prospective study of 1918 contacts of 1196 children referred for subspecialty abuse consultation in 20 US centers. We used multivariable logistic models to determine the relationship of index child characteristics, contact child characteristics, and shared characteristics to screening and injury identification.

The contribution of school environmental factors to individual and school variation in disordered weight control behaviors in a statewide sample of middle schools.

We investigated the contribution of school environmental factors to individual and school variation in disordered weight control behaviors (DWCB). Analyses were based on self-report data gathered from 18,567 middle-school students in 2005 and publicly available data on school characteristics. We observed large differences across schools in percent of students engaging in DWCB in the past month, ranging from less than 1% of the student body to 12%.

Utility of hepatic transaminases in children with concern for abuse.

Objective: Routine testing of hepatic transaminases, amylase, and lipase has been recommended for all children evaluated for physical abuse, but rates of screening are widely variable, even among abuse specialists, and data for amylase and lipase testing are lacking. A previous study of screening in centers that endorsed routine transaminase screening suggested that using a transaminase threshold of 80 IU/L could improve injury detection. Our objectives were to prospectively validate the test characteristics of the 80-IU/L threshold and to determine the utility of amylase and lipase to detect occult abdominal injury.

Development of muscularity and weight concerns in heterosexual and sexual minority males.

Objective: To examine the development of muscularity and weight concerns among heterosexual and sexual minority males in adolescence.

Method: Participants were 5,868 males from the Growing Up Today Study, a U.S.

Momentary assessment of social context and glucose monitoring adherence in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Purpose: To investigate the associations between momentary social context and glucose monitoring adherence in adolescents with type 1diabetes (T1D).

Methods: For 14 days, patients (14-18 years old, T1D duration >1 year) of a pediatric diabetes clinic carried handheld computers that prompted them to report their location, companionship, and attitudes toward companions at the times they usually checked their glucose, and again 30 minutes later to report whether they checked their glucose and, if not, why. Associations between social context factors and checking glucose (adherence) were analyzed using logistic generalized estimating equations and adjusted for age, sex, duration of T1D, and pump use.

The temporal relationship between momentary affective states and condom use in depressed adolescents.

Depressed adolescents are more likely to engage in sexual risk behaviors than their non-depressed peers. The objectives of this study were (1) to examine whether affective states predicted subsequent condom use, directly or indirectly through contextual factors and (2) to compare results obtained from structural equation models versus non-linear mixed effects models. This study used ecological momentary assessment to collect data on in-the-moment affective states and sexual behavior from 51 depressed adolescents (7 male, 44 female) aged 15-22 years.