The Role of PSMA-Radioligand and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Prostate Cancer Biochemical Recurrence.

A significant proportion of men with prostate cancer will experience biochemical recurrence (BCR), which is characterized by an elevation in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels after receiving treatment with curative intent. Imaging plays an important role in the management of patients with BCR. It can help identify sites of recurrence to determine the most appropriate management strategies, ranging from salvage treatment for local recurrences to systemic treatments for those with advanced, distant disease.

Association of Intravenous Neostigmine and Anticholinergics or Sugammadex with Postoperative Delirium: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Administration of cholinesterase inhibitors in combination with anticholinergic drugs for reversal of neuromuscular blocks may precipitate delirium through impairment of central cholinergic transmission, which could be avoided by using sugammadex. Therefore, we tested the primary hypothesis that postoperative delirium is less common when neuromuscular block is reversed with sugammadex than with neostigmine combined with glycopyrrolate or atropine.

Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study, analyzing all adult patients having general anesthesia for noncardiac surgery who received neostigmine or sugammadex from January 2016 to March 2022.

Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate vs Transvesical Single-port Robotic Simple Prostatectomy for Large Prostatic Glands.

Objective: To compare the perioperative outcomes of transvesical single-port robotic simple prostatectomy (SP-RASP) and holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was performed of patients undergoing SP-RASP and HoLEP from 2019 to 2022 with preoperative prostatic volume (PPV) >80 cm. Percent of prostate adenoma removed (%PAR) was estimated by specimen weight normalized by PPV.

Management, Referral Patterns, and Outcomes in Bell's Palsy: A Single-Institution 903 Patient Series.

Objective: In 2013, the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) published guidelines for Bell's palsy (BP), including recommendations for workup, management, and specialist referral. Patients with BP often present to primary care; however, adherence to guidelines may vary by setting. This study sought to evaluate the management of patients with BP presenting to primary care, emergency department (ED), and urgent care settings.

Critical Care Among Disadvantaged Minority Groups Made Equitable: Trends Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: US racial and ethnic minorities have well-established elevated rates of comorbidities, which, compounded with healthcare access inequity, often lead to worse health outcomes. In the current COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to understand existing disparities in minority groups' critical care outcomes and mechanisms behind these-topics that have yet to be well-explored.

Objective: Assess for disparities in racial and ethnic minority groups' COVID-19 critical care outcomes.

What Happens to the Preserved Renal Parenchyma After Clamped Partial Nephrectomy?

Background: Most partial nephrectomies (PNs) are performed with hilar occlusion to reduce blood loss and optimize visualization. However, the histologic status of the preserved renal parenchyma years after PN is unknown.

Objective: To compare the histologic chronic kidney disease (CKD) score of renal parenchyma before and years after PN, and to explore factors associated with CKD-score increase and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline.

Predicting GFR after radical nephrectomy: the importance of split renal function.

Purpose: To evaluate a conceptually simple model to predict new-baseline-glomerular-filtration-rate (NBGFR) after radical nephrectomy (RN) based on split-renal-function (SRF) and renal-functional-compensation (RFC), and to compare its predictive accuracy against a validated non-SRF-based model. RN should only be considered when the tumor has increased oncologic potential and/or when there is concern about perioperative morbidity with PN due to increased tumor complexity. In these circumstances, accurate prediction of NBGFR after RN can be important, with a threshold NBGFR > 45 ml/min/1.

Parenchymal Volume Replacement by Renal Cell Carcinoma Prior to Intervention: Predictive Factors and Functional Implications.

Objective: To analyze predictors, extent and functional implications associated with renal parenchymal volume replacement (PVR) by renal cell carcinoma (RCC) prior to intervention. This phenomenon is well-recognized yet not adequately studied, and, if severe, can influence management.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was performed of partial nephrectomy (PN) and radical nephrectomy (RN) patients with available preoperative nuclear-renal-scan and imaging demonstrating solitary RCC with normal contralateral kidney.

Does Reduced Renal Function Predispose to Cancer-specific Mortality from Renal Cell Carcinoma?

Background: Recent publications have reported an association between increased renal cancer-specific mortality (CSM) and reduced renal function "below safety limits," and advocated for partial nephrectomy (PN) even for potentially aggressive/complex tumors. We hypothesize that this association may be related to confounding factors rather than a consequence of functional differences.

Objective: To assess whether there is an independent association between preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or new baseline eGFR (NB-GFR) and CSM in patients undergoing PN or radical nephrectomy (RN).