The effect of adjunctive noncontact low frequency ultrasound on deep tissue pressure injury.

The optimal treatment for deep tissue pressure injuries has not been determined. Deep tissue pressure injuries represent a more ominous early stage pressure injury that may evolve into full thickness ulceration despite implementing the standard of care for pressure injury. A longitudinal prospective historical case control study design was used to determine the effectiveness of noncontact low frequency ultrasound plus standard of care (treatment group) in comparison to standard of care (control group) in reducing deep tissue pressure injury severity, total surface area, and final pressure injury stage.

Effects of non contact low-frequency ultrasound on healing of suspected deep tissue injury: a retrospective analysis.

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of non contact low-frequency ultrasound on the healing of suspected deep tissue injury (SDTI). Participants were adults ranging in age from 28 to 93 years old, with multiple diagnoses including anaemia, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Data were examined retrospectively on 85 patients (intervention group = 43 and non intervention group = 42) with 127 SDTI (intervention group = 64 and non intervention group = 63).

Development of miotic cross-tolerance between pyridostigmine and sarin vapor.

The organophosphorous nerve agent sarin (GB) and the carbamate pyridostigmine bromide (PB) both inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), leading to overstimulation of muscarinic receptors. Both GB and PB produce miosis through stimulation of ocular muscarinic receptors. This study investigated 2 hypotheses: (1) that the miotic response to PB would decrease following repeated injections; and (2) that repeated administration of PB would result in tolerance to the miotic effect of GB vapor.

Toxicity of emerging energetic soil contaminant CL-20 to potworm Enchytraeus crypticus in freshly amended or weathered and aged treatments.

We investigated the toxicity of an emerging polynitramine energetic material hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) to the soil invertebrate species Enchytraeus crypticus by adapting then using the Enchytraeid Reproduction Test (ISO/16387:2003). Studies were designed to develop ecotoxicological benchmark values for ecological risk assessment of the potential impacts of accidental release of this compound into the environment. Tests were conducted in Sassafras Sandy Loam soil, which supports relatively high bioavailability of CL-20.

Tolerance to the miotic effect of sarin vapor in rats after multiple low-level exposures.

Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by the organophosphorous compound sarin (GB) results in the accumulation of acetylcholine and excessive cholinergic stimulation. There are few data in the literature regarding the effects of multiple low-level exposures to GB and other organophosphorous compounds via relevant routes of exposure. Therefore, the present study was undertaken, and is the first, to investigate the effect of low-level repeated whole-body inhalation exposures to GB vapor on pupil size and cholinesterase activity in the eyes and blood.